Static Routing

Naveen Patel

Static Routing For Multiple Routers - Network Diagram

10.0.0.1/8 S0

11.0.0.1/8 S0

HYD

E0 192.168.1.1/24

S1 10.0.0.2/8

CHE

E0 192.168.2.1/24

S1 11.0.0.2/8

BAN BAN
E0 192.168.3.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN - 192.168.2.0/24

LAN - 192.168.3.0/24

Naveen Patel

Disadvantages of Static Routing

Administrative work is more.

Compulsory need of Destination Network IDs

Used for only Small organizations It cannot dynamically update topology changes.

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Default Routing

A Default routing protocol is configured for unknown destinations. Generally used in the internet where the destinations are unknown. Example : The address of yahoo is unknown.

Configured at end points

It is the last preferred routing
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Default Routing - Real Time Example

INTERNET
HYD
E0 192.168.1.1/24 E0 202.54.30.150/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

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IP 202.54.30.1/24

Default Routing - Network Diagram

10.0.0.1/8 S0

11.0.0.1/8 S0

HYD

E0 192.168.1.1/24

S1 10.0.0.2/8

CHE

E0 192.168.2.1/24

S1 11.0.0.2/8

BAN
E0 192.168.3.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN - 192.168.2.0/24

LAN - 192.168.3.0/24

Naveen Patel

Naveen Patel

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router Directly Connected Networks on ================================ HYDERABAD Router User Access Verification 192.168.1.0 password : **** Hyderabad> enable 10.0.0.0 password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Indirectly Connected Networks on Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. HYDERABAD serial 0 Router Hyderabad(config)# interface Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 192.168.2.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut 192.168.3.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 11.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad(config)# no Hyderabad(config)# ip Hyderabad(config)# ip Hyderabad(config)# ip Hyderabad(config)# ip Hyderabad(config)#

ip routing routing route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad(config)# ip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 S 11.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router Directly Connected Networks on ================================ User Access Verification CHENNAI Router 192.168.2.0 password : **** Chennai> enable 10.0.0.0 password : **** 11.0.0.0 Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Indirectly Connected interface serial 1 Networks on Chennai(config)# Chennai(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 CHENNAI Router Chennai(config-if)# no shut 192.168.1.0 Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc 192.168.3.0 Chennai(config-if)# interface serial 0 Chennai(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Diagram Naveen Patel

Chennai(config-if)# exit Chennai(config)# no ip routing Chennai(config)# ip routing Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.2 Chennai(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Chennai(config-if)# exit Chennai(config)# no ip routing Chennai(config)# ip routing Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.2 Chennai(config)# ^Z Chennai# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.2 Chennai# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.3.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Banglore Router Directly Connected Networks on ================================ User Access Verification Banglore Router 192.168.3.0 password : **** Banglore> enable 11.0.0.0 password : **** Banglore# configure terminal Indirectly Connected Networks on Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Banglore Router serial 1 Banglore(config)# interface Banglore(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.0 Banglore(config-if)# no shut 192.168.2.0 Banglore(config-if)# clockrate 64000 10.0.0.0 Banglore(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Banglore(config-if)# exit Banglore(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore(config)# no Banglore(config)# ip Banglore(config)# ip Banglore(config)# ip Banglore(config)# ip Banglore(config)#

ip routing routing route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Banglore(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.1 Banglore(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1 Banglore(config)# ^Z Banglore# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set S 10.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 11.0.0.1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 Banglore# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Hyderabad> enable password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Hyderabad(config)# Configuring Default Route Router(config)# ip route <Destination Network ID> <Destination Subnet Mask> <Next-hop IP address > Or Router(config)# ip route <Destination Network ID> <Destination Subnet Mask> <Exit interface type><interface number>

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0 Hyderabad# * for Default Route
Diagram

Naveen Patel

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.3.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Banglore Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Banglore> enable password : **** Banglore# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Banglore(config)# interface serial 1 Banglore(config-if)# ip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Banglore(config-if)# no shut Banglore(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Banglore(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Banglore(config-if)# exit Banglore(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Banglore(config)#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Banglore(config)# ^Z Banglore# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1 Banglore# * for Default Route
Diagram

Naveen Patel

Hyderabad(config)# no ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0 Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0 Hyderabad# ping 192.168.3.10 Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Hyderabad# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore(config)# no ip routing Banglore(config)# ip routing Banglore(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1 Banglore(config)# ^Z Banglore# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1 Banglore# ping 192.168.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Banglore# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad# ping 192.168.3.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Hyderabad# ping 192.168.2.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Hyderabad#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Chennai# ping 192.168.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Chennai# ping 192.168.3.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Chennai#

Naveen Patel

Diagram

Banglore# ping 192.168.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Banglore# ping 192.168.2.10 Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Banglore#

Naveen Patel

Diagram