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Naveen Patel

Head Office

10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing
Routing is the process of moving packets from one network to
another network.

Routing involves two basic activities: Determining best paths. Forwarding Packets through these paths.

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Rules of Routing

Head Office Ethernet interface should be in the same network as your Head office LAN and similarly on Branch Office side. Show Diagram Head Office S0 and Branch Office S1 should be in same network. Show Diagram Head Office LAN and Branch Office LAN should be in different Network. Show Diagram All interfaces of Router should be in different network. Show Diagram

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Types of Routing
Static Routing

Default Routing

Dynamic Routing

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Static Routing
It is configured manually by Administrator.
It is Secure & fast. Require Destination Network ID for configuration Used in Small Networks Administrative distance for Static Route is 0 and 1. {Administrative Distance (AD) is the trustworthiness of the routing information. AD range is 0-255, lesser the Administrative distance, higher the priority}
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Static Routing Network Diagram


Head Office

10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing Network Diagram


Head Office
10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing Network Diagram


Head Office
10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing Network Diagram


Head Office
10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing Network Diagram


Head Office
10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

11.0.0.1/8 S0

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Routing Network Diagram


Head Office
10.0.0.1/8 S0

Branch Office
S1 10.0.0.2/8

E0 192.168.1.1/24

E0 192.168.2.1/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN 192.168.2.0/24

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Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Hyderabad> enable password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)# exit Hyderabad# Diagram Naveen Patel

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Hyderabad> enable password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shut Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)# exit Hyderabad# Diagram Naveen Patel

Hyderabad# show ip route Default gateway is not set


Host Gateway Last Use Total Uses Interface ICMP redirect cache is empty Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# ip routing Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route Enabling Routing Router(config)#ip Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - routing IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 Hyderabad# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Configuring Static Route D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area Router(config)# ip route Network ID> type 2 N1 - OSPF NSSA external type<Destination 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external E1 - OSPF external <Destination type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP Subnet Mask> i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default <Next-hop address > U - per-user static route, o - IP ODR

Or GatewayRouter(config)# of last resort ip is route not set <Destination Network ID> <Destination Subnet Mask> C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 <Exit interface type><interface number> S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 Hyderabad# 1 is nothing but S for Static Routing Administrative Distance

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Diagram

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Chennai> enable password : **** Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# interface serial 1 Chennai(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Chennai(config-if)# exit Chennai(config)# exit Chennai# Chennai# Diagram Naveen Patel

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.1 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Chennai> enable password : **** Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# interface serial 1 Chennai(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Chennai(config-if)# no shut Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Chennai(config-if)# exit Chennai(config)# exit Chennai# Chennai# Diagram Naveen Patel

Chennai# show ip route Default gateway is not set


Host Gateway Last Use Total Uses Interface ICMP redirect cache is empty Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# ip routing Chennai(config)# ^Z Chennai# show ip route Enabling Routing Router(config)#ip Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - routing IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 Chennai# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 S1 Chennai(config)# ^Z Chennai# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP Configuring Static Route D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area Router(config)# ip route Network ID> type 2 N1 - OSPF NSSA external type<Destination 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external E1 - OSPF external <Destination type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP Subnet Mask> i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default <Next-hop address > U - per-user static route, o - IP ODR

Or GatewayRouter(config)# of last resort ip is route not set <Destination Network ID> <Destination Subnet Mask> C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 <Exit interface type><interface number> S 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 Chennai# If is directly connected S for Static Routing Administrative Distance is 0

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Diagram

Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 Hyderabad(config)# ^Z Hyderabad# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0 Hyderabad# ping 192.168.2.10 Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Hyderabad# Naveen Patel

Diagram

Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 S1 Chennai(config)# ^Z Chennai# show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1 C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1 Chennai# ping 192.168.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms

Chennai# Naveen Patel

Diagram

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