Seminar

on

introduction of

Buccal Drug Delivery System

BY:
MANGLA NAND SINGH

M.PHARM (IP) JSSCP , MYSORE

BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS Bucccal route of drug delivery is a good alternative, amongst the various routes of drug delivery. Oral route is perhaps the most preferred for the patients.

Within the oral mucosal cavity ,the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery.

Considering the low patient compliance of rectal, vaginal, sublingual and nasal drug delivery for controlled release ,the buccal mucosa has rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable.

1)Sublingual delivery; is the administration of the drug via the sublingual mucosa (the membrane of the ventral surface of the tongue and the floor of the mouth) to the systemic circulation.

2)Buccal delivery; is the administration of drug via the buccal mucosa (the lining of the cheek) to the systemic circulation. 3)Local delivery; for the treatment of conditions of the oral cavity, principally aphthous ulcers , fungal conditions, and periodontal disease. These oral mucosal sites differ greatly from one another in terms of anatomy, permeability to an applied drug, and their ability to retain a delivery system for a desired length of time.

Overview of
blood supply & mucsle of oral cavity

Overview of blood supply & muscle of oral cavity

ADVANTAGES OF BUCCAL DELIVERY;

Bypasses the hepatic first pass metabolism and degradation in the stomach and intestine, thereby greater bioavailability. Excellent accessibility; - Precise dosage by which localisation is possible. -Allows localized modification of tissue permeability - Facilitates removal in emergencies (termination)

Delivery device can be made unidirectional; only oral mucosa absorption. Buccal mucosa is less prone to damage or irritation than nasal mucosa. Extent of perfusion is more ,therefore quick and effective absorption. Nausea and vomitting are greatly avoided

Used in case of unconscious and less co-operative patients. It offers a passive systems which does not require activation and the therapeutic serum concentration can be achieved rapidly. Since the formulation is light; - Less packing cost. - Less transport cost. -Economy of raw material. -Cheap

Drugs, which show poor bioavailability via the oral route, can be adminstered conveniently. The presence of saliva ensures relatively large amount of water for drug dissolution unlike in case of rectal and trsansdermal routes. Drugs, which show poor bioavailability via the oral route, can be adminstered conveniently.

Ex; Drugs, which are unstable in the acidic environment of the stomach or are destroyed by the enzymatic or alkaline environment of the intestine can be administered by this route.

Better patient compliance than vaginal, rectal or nasal routes.

DISADVANTAGES;

Relatively smaller area of absorption.

The thickness of delivery system should be limited to a few millimeters in order to avoid inconveniences for patient. Part of the drug may be dissolved in the saliva and may be swallowed. Drugs which irritate oral mucosa or have bitter taste ,or cause allergic reactions, discoloration of teeth cannot be formulated.

If formulation contains antimicrobial agents, affects the natural microbes in the buccal cavity. The patient cannot eat/drink/speak. Only those drugs which are absorbed by passive diffusion can be administered by this route. Drugs which are unstable at buccal pH cannot be administered by this route.

References:1>Controlled drug delivery by S.P.VYAS & ROOP K. KHAR , Pg. no. 257-295 2>Internet ( www.google.com)
3>google books

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