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These lenses are constructed of nonmetallic dielectrics such as lucite or polystyrene. And also constructed of metallic or artificial dielectrics.
Dielectric lens
2. Fast lenses : lenses in which the electrical path length is decreased by the lens medium. E-plane metal plate lenses are of fast type. .
INTRODUCTION
What is H- plane metal plate lens antenna ? It is a kind of delay lens antenna , in which the electrical path length is increased because of retardation of wave by the lens medium.
H PLANE STACK OF FLAT METAL PLATES Wave entering stack of metal plates oriented parallel to the H plane as in the figure (a) is little affected in its velocity.
H PLANE STACK WITH INCREASED PATH LENGTH Here in the figure (b),the path length of wave is increased by deforming the plates in the stack.
SLANTED H-PLANE PLATES An increase in path length can also be produced by slanting the plates as seen in fig (c). The increased path length is S-T.
DESIGN!!
Can be designed by applying the principle of equality of electrical path length.
the condition for equality of electrical path length requires that R = L + Rcos L _________ cos Or R = (n-1)L ______ ncos-1
The index n depends only on the plate slant angle and is not a function of the frequency as in the E-plane type of metal-plate lens.
The most critical dimension is the path length S in the lens this may be affected by a change in T or in . Assuming a maximum allowable variation = /8 in electrical path length the tolerance in S is given by S=0.06
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lens antennas are expensive for the same gain and bandwidth requirements that can be got by using reflectors.
Lens antennas are bulkier.
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H plane metal plate type of construction tends to produce unsymmetrical aperture illumination in the E plane.
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