Optic nerve disease

papilloedema

optic atropy,

visual field defects

 Optic nerve diseases
• Definitions
Optic disc oedema
swollen disc, used to describe the
optic nerve head affected by
a
variety of local and systemic

causes
Papilloedema
swollen disc due to increased
Optic nerve diseases
 Disc oedema
• Definition
Optic disc oedema
swollen disc, used to describe the optic nerve head
affected by a variety of local and systemic
causes
Disc oedema
Disc oedema
 Disc oedema
• Arteritic
 Disc oedema
• Papilloedema
causes
-space occupying lesions
-blockage of the ventricular system
(congenital or acquired)

-obstruction of CSF absorption

-benign intracranial hypertension
-severe hypertension
-hypersecretion of CSF
 Optic nerve diseases
• Papilloedema
-bilateral disc oedema
-hyperaemia of disc
-absent venous pulsation in the disc
-splinter haemorrhage
-exudates
-cotton wool spots
-circumferential retinal folds -paton’s
lines
-obliterated central cup
 Disc oedema
• Papilloedema
swollen disc due to increased intracranial pressure
 Disc oedema
• Papilloedema
 Optic Atrophy
• Causes

-central retinal artery occlusion

-healed papillitis
-glaucoma
-hereditary optic neuropathies
-toxic and deficiency optic neuropathies
-infiltrative optic neuropathy
-radiation optic neuropathy
-cacinomatous optic neuropathy
 Optic Atrophy
• Clinical diagnosis of optic atrophy

• ophthalmoscopic abnomalities of disc

• defective visual function

-visual acuity
-colour vision
-pupils
-visual fields
-visual evoked potentials(VEP)
Optic Atrophy
Optic Atrophy
 Visual field defects
• Normal visual field
Visual field defects
 Visual field defects
• Blind right eye with left temporal hemianopia
R-optic nerve lesion extending into the chiasm
Visual field defects
Visual field defects
Visual field defects
Visual field defects
 Visual field defects
• Bitemporal hemianopia due to
interruption of decussating nasal fibres in
chiasm
Visual field defects
Visual field defects
 Visual field defects
• Central bitemporal hemianopia
damage of nasal macular fibres in the
chiasm
 Visual field defects
• L homonymous hemianopia,
R optic tract, or occipital lesion
 Visual field defects
• L homonymous superior quadrantanopia
R temporal lobe(Meyer’s loop)lesion
 Visual field defects
• R homonymous hemianopia with
macularsparing
L occipital cortex lesion
Visual field defects
Visual field defects