Dengue fever

Dengue Fever
•Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that causes a severe flu-like
illness, and sometimes a potentially lethal complication called dengue
haemorrhagic fever.

•Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide,

mostly in urban and semi-urban areas.

•Appropriate medical care frequently saves the lives of patients with

the more serious dengue haemorrhagic fever.

•The only way to prevent dengue virus transmission is to combat the

disease-carrying mosquitoes.
Aedes Mosquito with the
typical black and white
stripes:
Cause of Dengue Fever

Aedes aegypti
 Dengue fever symptoms

Symptoms are most commonly seen in adults

and older children.
• sudden onset of fever (lasting three to seven days)
• intense headache (especially behind the eyes)
• muscle and joint pain (ankles, knees and elbows)
• unpleasant metallic taste in mouth, loss of appetite,
vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain
• flushed skin on face and neck, fine skin rashes as
fever subsides
• rashes on arms and legs, severe itching, peeling of
skin and hair loss
• minor bleeding (nose or gums) and heavy menstrual
periods
• extreme fatigue
 Dengue haemorrhagic fever
symptoms
 Headache,
 Fever
 Rash & evidence of hemorrhage in the
body.
 Petechiae (small red or purple blisters
under the skin)
 Bleeding in the nose or gums, black
stools, or easy bruising are all possible
signs of hemorrhage.
 HOW CAN DENGUE FEVER AND DENGUE
HEMORRAGHIC FEVER BE TREATED?

Because dengue is caused by a virus, there is no

specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it.
 Rest and fluid intake for adequate hydration is
important.
 Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
should be avoided.
 Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and codeine may be given
for severe headache and for the joint and muscle pain
(myalgia).
 All patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever need to
be hospitalised for fluid therapy and monitoring.
 Effective ways to control
mosquito bites

Indoor mosquito repellent

Mosquito netting
 Effective ways to control
mosquito bites

ector control
rimary method of controlling Aedes populations is by

depriving female Aedes from pools of water in which i

ill lay eggs ,

discarding old tires and modernizing waste-water and

solid-waste treatment systems, and

arviciding pools of water to kill larval mosquitoes cou

educe Aedes populations.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Monitor vital -To detect any -temperature

Fever / High -To ensure signs every 4
temperature( patient’s elevation in went down to
hours and also
>37.5 temperature monitor lab temperature 37 celcius
celcius) comes down reports of and any after 1 hour.
to normal.
WBC’s. infection.
(36.5 -37 toxicity.
celcius)
-Do tepid
sponging when -To bring down
the temperature temperature
is >38.5 celcius. and avoid
-Give proper dehydration.
ventilation.
-Provide
adequate fluid,
2-3litres per day.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Send blood -To detect any - FBC shown

specimen to elevation and normal level.
lab for –FBC to check
and dengue disease
serology. progression.

-Monitor IV and -To prevent

check for any dehydration
signs of
and bleeding.
bleeding.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Monitor -To check fluid

Nausea and -To ensure frequency,conte
loss. -No vomiting
vomiting patient is free nt,amount and
related to from nausea colour of vomit. and nausea
and vomiting. seen.
dengue fever
-Monitor vital -To prevent
sign.
deterioration of
health.
-Advise patient
to have small -To gain -Patient able
and frequent energy and to to take small
meal. lessen vomit. amount of
food.
-Give thymol
gargle after
vomitting.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Encourage -To replace

patient to drink fluid loss and
more fluid, if
to prevent
tolerable.
dehydration.

-Inform Dr
about patient’s
condition and
serve medicine
as ordered.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention
Headache -To lessen -Ensure the -To give
related to headache. environment is adequate rest
dengue fever quiet and for patient. -No
restrict visitors. complaint of
headache
-Provide -To make sure from patient.
ventilation : patient rest in
Switch on fan comfort.
and ask -Patient
patient to wear feeling
thin and loose comfortable
clothes. and able to
sleep with no
-Advise patient -To prevent complaint.
not to bend too increased ICP.
long,chew
hard food.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Assess -To detect

Potential -To prevent patient for any
bleeding bleeding. bleeding and -No bleeding
sign of to prevent
related to detected.
bleeding: hypovolemic
dengue (petechiae,gu
fever. shock.
m/nasal
bleeding,
maelena stool,
hematuria, -No
increased hypovolemic
menstrual flow. shock seen.

-Monitor vital
sign.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Obtain FBC, -To check hb

BD/TDS/QID, level & to
detect
according to
bleeding.
Dr’s order.

-For further
-Inform Dr if
management
there is any
sign of to prevent
bleeding. shock.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

Potential -To prevent -Assess -To detect

dehydration dehydration. patient for sign dehydration. - No
related to of dehydration,
dengue dehydration: skin integrity
fever. (skin integrity, good and no
tongue, urine urine
concentration). concentration
seen.
-Monitor BUSE -To detect
/ FBC results. potassium, -BUSE show
sodium loss. normal level.

-Monitor vital
sign.
Assessment / Objective Nursing Rationale Evaluation
Diagnosis Intervention

-Encourage -To replace

patient to drink fluid loss.
more fluid, 2 to
3 litres per
day.

-Inform Dr if
there is any -For further
sign of medical
dehydration. management.
 Health Education

 Vector control

- Proper solid waste disposal and improved water storage

practices, including covering containers to prevent
access by egg-laying female mosquitoes.
 Health Education

 Simple personal protection

- Wearing long sleeves, applying insect repellent, and

avoiding locations with high vector densities, is also
important.
 Group 1
Gayathre Doraisamy
Dinaashini
Celleba Munyan Gayathiri
Devi
Hemanisha Amelia
Asha
Julie Alex
Alwin Deepa
V.Raghavan