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15 feet 30 feet
Hand-pump
Well
The Sulabh two-pit toilet is free from all health hazards and does not pollute ground water or drinking water sources like hand pumps, wells etc. if proper precautions are taken during construction. A Sulabh toilet can be constructed at a distance of 30 feet from a well or a ! feet from a hand-pump and no distance is re"uired if there is pro#ision of piped water suppl$. %f there is a space constraint, then the well nearb$ should be plastered from inside up to 30 feet, so that there is less chance of pollution.
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Sulabh Strategy
Invention of technolog alone cannot improve the living condition of the people but this has to be provided at the doorsteps of the customers and for that matter I adopted two strategies! "i# $otivation, %ducation, &ommunication and 'raining "ii# 'he deliver s stem, Implementation, maintenance and follow-ups(
'hereafter, )uarantee &ard is issued with Sulabh accepting the responsibilit of rectif ing defects free-of-cost for a period of one ear( *s a proof of construction, photograph is also ta+en of the toilets and beneficiaries( 'his methodolog helped in generating mutual trust and confidence between beneficiaries, Sulabh and ,rban -ocal .odies( /or effective deliver s stem of services, vision, dedication, ethics, moralit and follow-up is essential( 'hus, more than 1(0 million household toilets have been constructed1converted b Sulabh(
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water, telephone facilities, night shelter, health centre, etc( are provided in Sulabh toilet comple6es(
#nside $ie% & 'Dormitory( Sulabh Toilet Complex at Deoghar! 8 )har hand*
Public Toilet linked to Biogas Digester and Sulabh Effluent Treatment (SET) device
:'he water discharged is treated b passing it through sedimentation chamber, sand filter, aeration tan+, charcoal 9 and through ultra violet ra s(
'he effluent discharged from public toilet, after treatment, becomes so pure that its .iochemical ;6 gen <emand is less than one milligram per litre( 'his water is safe for discharge into rivers or water bodies, without polluting them( Hence, this also prevents pollution from the sewage( It can also be used for cleaning of floors of public toilets( .oth these technologies are suitable for mar+et places, housing colonies, high-rise buildings, public places, schools, colleges, hospitals etc(
/rom public toilets human e6creta goes inside the digester and biogas is produced without an chemical, bacteria or change agents( ;nl 10-00 +gs( of cow dung is re=uired to be put inside the digester on the first da of use( 'he biogas produced is then channeli>ed for lighting mantle lamps, warming oneself in winters, coo+ing and also for conversion into energ for street lighting(
1se of 0iogas
1 person produces 1 cubic foot biogas per da ,ence 3 billion people produce 3 billion cubic feet biogas per day( #n biogas! the methane content is 345 So from 8 billion people, 6*7 billion cubic feet methane is produced per da Hence emission of methane into the atmosphere is 89*3: billion cubic metres per year*
&omplete feed for fish( In duc+weed treated water fish is grown( 9-10 tons of fish per ha( of pond1annum can be harvested
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Water H acinth is an a=uatic, seasonal weed and the advantage of this weed is that A It is a good substrate for biogas generation( .iogas is non functional in summer due to non availabilit of water h acinth( 'he biogas can be produced throughout the ear b harvesting, dr ing and pulverising this weed( 'he biogas generation shows better result when fed with dried water h acinth and increase the gas production(
Sulabh Thermophilic 2erobic Composting .ST2C/ Technology for Solid Waste Management
:* plant of )I sheet having double wall filled with glass wool, partitioned with perforated sheet into three chambers( :?e=uires 9 A 10 da s to ma+e compost from an biodegradable waste( :Bo manual handling( It functions at low temperature also $ore suitable for housing colonies, hostels, hill areas(
contdE
$ermi=Composting
It is the end product of the brea+down of organic matter b some species of earthworm( Germi-compost is a nutrient rich natural fertili>er and soil conditioner( 'he process of producing vermi-compost is called vermi-composting(
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0enefits of Composting
<irect emplo ment in composting %conomic gain through sale of compost H earth-worms ?educe dependenc on chemical fertili>er for agriculture purpose ?educe the e6penditure of $unicipal bod on transportation of Solid Wastes( ?educe the need for new landfill site 5revention of pollution caused b Solid waste ?educe green house gas(
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