Blitzkrieg means "lightning war".

Blitzkrieg is based on speed and surprise and needed a military force to be based around light tank units supported by planes and infantry (foot soldiers). (Hurricane Katrina) Terrorism is the systematic use of violent terror as a means of coercion. Common definitions of terrorism refer only to those violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror); and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non-combatants (Climate Change)

PHILIPPINE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE

BIENVENIDO C. VALERIO JR.

FIRST PACIFIC LEADERSHIP ACADEMY ANTIPOLO CITY OCTOBER 26, 2013

OUTLINE
State Initiatives on Climate Change National Climate Change Action Plan DARs Role in the NCCAP Climate Expenditure Tagging Process

CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES AND INITIATIVES IN THE PHILIPPINES

THE PHILIPPINES RESPONSE

TO THE INTERNATIONAL CALL TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE

o Signed the UNFCCC on June 1992 and ratified it on August 2, 1994 o Signed the Kyoto Protocol on April 15, 1998 and ratified it on November 20, 2003

EARLY POLICIES
Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC)
o

Created in May 8, 1991 by virtue of Presidential Administrative Order No. 220 to serve as the national coordination mechanism and administrative machinery for the implementation of the Philippines commitments to the UNFCCC.

o Chaired by the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and CoChaired by the Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

EARLY POLICIES
Philippine Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD)
o

Response to the Earth Summit in 1992 to act as the countrys multi-stakeholder participatory body o Created on September 1, 1992 by virtue of Executive Order No. 15 to chart the environment and sustainable development initiatives of the country

CURRENT POLICIES
National Authority for CDM

Designated the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) as DNA for CDM on June 25, 2004 by virtue of Executive Order No. 320 Main functions:

o Formulate and develop a national CDM policy o Develop the criteria, indicators, standards, systems and procedures, and evaluation tools for the review of CDM projects o Undertake the assessment and approval of CDM projects to be submitted to the UNFCCC-EB o Monitor the implementation of CDM projects o Perform other functions that are related to and in pursuance of the development of the CDM

OTHER CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES

o

Biofuels Act of 2006

Ratified by both houses of Congress last November 29, 2006, which mandates a minimum 1% biodiesel blend and 5% bioethanol blend by volume in all diesel and gasoline fuels, respectively, being distributed and sold in the country. The blend shall increase to 2% biodiesel and 10% ethanol in gasoline after four years.

o Renewable Energy Act of 2008

Intends to provide incentives to and require mandatory use of renewable energy by power generators

CLIMATE CHANGE ACT OF 2009

o

Signed October 23, 2009

An Act Mainstreaming Climate Change into Government Policy Formulations, Establishing the Framework, Strategy and Program on Climate Change, Creating for this Purpose the Climate Change Commission, and for Other Purposes.

COMPOSITION OF THE

CLIMATE CHANGE COMMISSION

Chaired by the President 3 Commissioners to be appointed by the President, one of whom shall serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Commission Advisory Board:

o o

13 Secretaries DA. DOE, DENR, DepEd, DFA, DOH, DILG, DND, DPWH, DOST, DSWD, DTI, DOTC NEDA Director-General National Security Council Director-General President: League of Provinces, Cities, Municipalities, Liga ng mga Barangay Representatives: academe, business sector and NGO

NATIONAL FRAMEWORK STRATEGY ON CLIMATE CHANGE

In line with the implementation of the Climate Change Act, the National Framework Strategy on Climate Change for 2010-2022 was formulated mainly to serve as guidance for national and local development planning.

THE NATIONAL FRAMEWORK STRATEGY ON CLIMATE CHANGE 2010-2022

o

Section 11 of RA 9729 mandates the Climate Change Commission to formulate the Framework Strategy and Program on Climate Change 6 months from effectivity of the Law. The framework takes into consideration and complies with the commitments of the Philippines in multilateral environment treaties, specifically the UNFCCC.

The framework was developed based on the countrys climate change vulnerabilities, adaptation needs and mitigation potential, all in accordance with international agreements.
o

The framework shall guide the national as well as the sub-national planning processes Within one year after the adoption of the framework, the National Climate Change Action Plan shall be developed to guide LGUs in developing their own local action plans.

NATIONAL FRAMEWORK STRATEGY ON CLIMATE CHANGE

CLIMATE PROCESS DRIVERS
Energy Transport Land Use Change & Forestry Agriculture Waste

CLIMATE CHANGE
Increasing temperatures Changing rainfall patterns Sea level rise Extreme weather events

VISION: A climate risk-resilient Philippines with healthy, safe, prosperous and self-reliant communities, and thriving and productive ecosystems SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Goal: To build the adaptive capacity of communities and increase the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development.

Ecosystems (River Basins, Coastal & Marine, Biodiversity) Food security Water resources Human health Infrastructure Energy Human society

IMPACTS AND VULNERABILITY

SOCIETY

ENVIRONMENT

ECONOMY

MITIGATION
Energy Efficiency & Conservation Renewable Energy Environmentally-Sustainable Transport Sustainable Infrastructure National REDD+ Strategy Waste Management
Capacity Development Knowledge Management IEC and Advocacy Gender Research and Development Mainstreaming Technology Transfer

Enhanced Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments Integrated Ecosystem-Based Management Climate-Responsive Agriculture Water Governance &Management Climate-Responsive Health Sector Disaster Risk Reduction &Management Climate-proofing of Infrastructure

ADAPTATION

Multi-stakeholder Partnerships

Financing

Valuation

CROSS-CUTTING STRATEGIES

MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION

Policy, Planning 14 & Mainstreaming

PHILIPPINE STRATEGY ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

The Philippine Strategy on Climate Change for 2010 2022 was formulated with support from the German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) for the project on Adaptation to Climate Change and Biological Diversity

PHILIPPINE STRATEGY ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

This Strategy will guide the Philippines actions over the next twelve years from 2010-2022. Its formulation is based on
o

Available information on climate parameters and most probable scenarios based on science, consensus and official baseline adopted by the government on Climate Change; Current assessment of the countrys vulnerability and adaptive capacity;
o

Assessment of the potential positive and negative, direct and indirect impacts of climate change on the key sectors (water, biodiversity, forestry, coastal and marine, fisheries, agriculture, health, energy and infrastructure); National development goals and priorities; &
A multi -sector consultation on process.

POLICY INITIATIVES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION

Energy Sector

Lead Agency: Department of Energy

Philippine Energy Plan The five-point reform package contained in this Plan is geared towards attaining energy independence by aggressively developing renewable energy potential such as biomass, solar and wind.

ENERGY SECTOR
Towards higher use of environment-friendly alternative fuels
The Philippines will conduct extensive promotion of alternative fuels for transport sector. Compressed natural gas (CNG) public utility buses are expected to ply all the major routes from Manila and to each southern environs.

THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM

THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR

THE FORESTRY SECTOR

THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SECTOR

Lead agencies: Department of Environment and Natural Resources and Department of Interior and Local Government The involvement of the local government units (LGUs) in the promotion of widespread adoption proper waste management with the implementation of 3Rs reduce, re-use and recycle. Conversion of waste to energy shall also be a key activity by the LGUs to promote methane capture for use in electricity, especially for garbage dumps.

THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL REDD-PLUS STRATEGY

April 26, 2010 E.O. 881 o Authorized the CCC to coordinate existing climate change initiatives, including REDD-plus initiatives. o Designated the DENR as the operational arm for REDD-plus activities and as manager of REDD-plus resources acquired by the government.
Vision o Empowered forestlands managers and support groups sustainably and equitably managing forestlands and ancestral domains with enhanced carbon stock and reduced GHG emission. o Impacts area include: reduced forest degradation and deforestation, poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation and improved governance.

THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL REDD-PLUS STRATEGY

Mission o To ensures sustainable management of forests fort both reduced carbon emissions and biodiversity conservation; o To enhance national carbon stocks through forestry programs that deliver clear and multiple social and ecological benefits; o To provide a research-based enabling environment in the implementation of the REDD-plus programs, projects and activities; o To leverage REDD-plus resources and projects to deliver social benefits and contribute to poverty alleviation;
o

To enhance the capability of forest managers and support groups to successfully and equitably implement REDD-plus strategies; and To develop and implement a forest carbon emissions reduction measuring, reporting and verification system that engages local managers and is national in scope.

JUDICIARY INITIATIVES

A.M. No. 11-9-4-SC EFFICIENT USE OF PAPER RULE Sec. 3. Format and Style. a) All pleadings, motions and similar papers intended for the court and quasi-judicial bodys consideration and action (court-bound papers) shall written in single space with one-and-a half space between paragraphs, using an easily readable font style of the partys choice, of 14-size font, and on a 13 inch by 8.5- inch white bond paper; and

JUDICIARY INITIATIVES

WRIT OF KALIKASAN

CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
RIGHT TO A BALANCED AND HEALTHFUL ECOLOGY
(Sec. 16, Art. 2 of Phil. Consti.) The state shall advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accordance with the rhythm and harmony of nature

RIGHT TO HEALTH (Sec. 15, Art. II, Phil. Consti.)

The state shall protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them. INETERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS , TREATIES AND CONVENTION- UNFCC, MONTREAL, KYOTO, ETC.

THE WRIT OF KALIKASAN: NORMATIVE FOUNDATIONS

ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE is now a recognized human

right at this time that the planet is facing an ecological timebomb with threats of environmental disaster in different parts of the globe.
INTERGENERATIONAL

RESPONSIBILITY: The present generation has the responsibility to preserve the environment for generations yet to be born ( a doctrine enunciated in the Stockholm Declaration and by the Philippine Supreme Court in Oposa v. Factoran).

OBJECTIVES OF THE WRIT OF KALIKASAN

1. Protection and promotion of constitutional right to a

balanced and healthful ecology; 2. Provision of access to justice- through simplified, speedy and inexpensive procedure for the enforcement of environmental rights and duties 3. To introduce and adopt innovations and best practices ensuring the effective enforcement of remedies and redress for violation of environmental laws 4. To enable the courts to monitor and exact compliance with orders and judgments in environmental cases.

FEATURES OF WRIT OF KALIKASAN

A homegrown judicial remedy available only in the

Philippines Summary in nature; expedited disposition of cases Liberal rule on locus standi; organizations can stand in representation of communities or of those who suffered actual damage. No docket fee required to be paid by petitioner to strike a balance between ecological and economic development concerns.

Allows submission of memorandum through email

FEATURES OF WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Allows discovery procedure in gathering evidence ( such as

ocular inspection, production or inspection of documents or things) Applies PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE: When human activities may lead to threats of serious and irreversible damage to the environment that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that threat and lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. Thus, this principle modifies the rules on evidence in writ of kalikasan cases where the burden is on the respondents to prove that their activity that may cause damage to the environment is not in fact damaging.

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Where Rule is found: It is incorporated as Rule VII of The Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases adopted by the Supreme Court in April 2010. Nature of Writ : Special Civil Action Applicability: Applies when there is damage in violation of environmental law, rule or regulation, where damage is of such magnitude as to prejudice the life, health or property of inhabitants in 2 or more cities or provinces Who May File: A natural or juridical person, entity authorized by law, PO, NGO, or any public interest group accredited by or registered with any government agency, on behalf of persons whose constitutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology is violated, or threatened with violation. (Note: Requirement of accredition is to guarantee legal existence of group or NGO.)

LAWS ARE SUBJECT TO THE WRIT

(a) Act No. 3572, Prohibition Against Cutting of Tindalo, Akli, and Molave Trees; (b) P.D. No. 705, Revised Forestry Code; (c) P.D. No. 856, Sanitation Code; (d) P.D. No. 979, Marine Pollution Decree; (e) P.D. No. 1067, Water Code; (f) P.D. No. 1151, Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977; (g) P.D. No. 1433, Plant Quarantine Law of 1978; (h) P.D. No. 1586, Establishing an Environmental Impact Statement System Including Other Environmental Management Related Measures and for Other Purposes; (i) R.A. No. 3571, Prohibition Against the Cutting, Destroying or Injuring of Planted or Growing Trees, Flowering Plants and Shrubs or Plants of Scenic Value along Public Roads, in Plazas, Parks, School Premises or in any Other Public Ground; (j) R.A. No. 4850, Laguna Lake Development Authority Act; (k) R.A. No. 6969, Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste Act; (l) R.A. No. 7076, Peoples Small-Scale Mining Act; (m) R.A. No. 7586, National Integrated Protected Areas System Act including all laws, decrees, orders, proclamations and issuances establishing protected areas; (n) R.A. No. 7611, Strategic Environmental Plan for Palawan Act; (o) R.A. No. 7942, Philippine Mining Act; (p) R.A. No. 8371, Indigenous Peoples Rights Act; (q) R.A. No. 8550, Philippine Fisheries Code; (r) R.A. No. 8749, Clean Air Act; (s) R.A. No. 9003, Ecological Solid Waste Management Act; (t) R.A. No. 9072, National Caves and Cave Resource Management Act; (u) R.A. No. 9147, Wildlife Conservation and Protection Act; (v) R.A. No. 9175, Chainsaw Act; (w) R.A. No. 9275, Clean Water Act; (x) R.A. No. 9483, Oil Spill Compensation Act of 2007; and (y) Provisions in C.A. No. 141, The Public Land Act; R.A. No. 6657, Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 ; R.A. No. 7160, Local Government Code of 1991; R.A. No. 7161, Tax Laws Incorporated in the Revised Forestry Code and Other Environmental Laws (Amending the NIRC); R.A. No. 7308, Seed Industry Development Act of 1992; R.A. No. 7900, High-Value Crops Development Rules of Procedure for Environmental Cases Act; R.A. No. 8048, Coconut Preservation Act; R.A. No. 8435, Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997; R.A. No. 9522, The Philippine Archipelagic Baselines Law; R.A. No. 9593, Renewable Energy Act of 2008; R.A. No. 9637, Philippine Biofuels Act; and other existing laws that relate to the conservation, development, preservation, protection and utilization of the environment and natural resources.

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Respondent: A public official or employee, or private individual or entity. Contents of Petition: (1) Name/s and personal circumstances of petitioner/s, and of respondent/s who if unknown and uncertain, may be described under assumed appellation; (2) The environmental law, rule or regulation violated or threatened to be violated , the act or omission complained of, and the environmental damage sustained. (3) Evidence to be attached: affidavits of witnesses, documentary evidence, scientific or other expert studies, and object evidence; (4) The certification of non-forum shopping (5) The reliefs prayed for which may include a prayer for the issuance of a Temporary Protection Order

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

When is a Temporary Environmental Protection Order (or TEPO, which is equivalent to the TRO in ordinary jurisprudence) available? In case of extreme urgency and
the applicant will suffer grave injustice and irreparable injury, the court may issue ex parte a TEPO effective for only seventytwo (72) hours from date of the receipt of the TEPO by the party or person enjoined. Within said period, the court where the case is assigned shall conduct a summary hearing to determine whether the TEPO may be extended until the termination of the case. The court should periodically monitor the existence of acts which are the subject matter of the TEPO, the TEPO can being lifted anytime as the circumstances may warrant.

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Dissolution of the TEPO: The TEPO may be dissolved if it appears after hearing that its issuance or continuance would cause irreparable damage to the party or person enjoined while the applicant may be fully compensated for such damages as he may suffer and subject to the posting of a sufficient bond by the party or person enjoined. Filing Fee: Pay as you enter rule does not apply; no filing fee required. When to File Return: Within TEN days from receipt of notice Form and Content of Return: Must be verified; General denial of allegations is deemed an admission, thus denials must be specific. Effect of Failure to File Return: Court will hear the case ex parte

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Prohibited Pleadings: (a) Motion to dismiss; (b) Motion for extension of time to file return; (c) Motion for postponement; (d) Motion for a bill of particulars; (e) Counterclaim or crossclaim; (f) Third-party complaint; (g) Reply; and (h) Motion to declare respondent in Why prohibit certain pleadings? To expedite the judicial process. A motion for intervention is not a prohibited pleading. Thus, any interested party may file such a motion which affirms the public interest nature of the Writ of Kalikasan, a remedy which a large segment of the community may wish to avail of.

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Filing of Pleading: Personal filing, filing by mail, and in the case of memorandums, filing electronically (email). Effect of Filing of Writ of Kalikasan on other judicial actions: The filing of a petition for the issuance of the writ of kalikasan shall not preclude the filing of separate civil, criminal or administrative actions. The separate actions may be filed before or after the filing of the writ of kalikasan.

RULE ON WRIT OF KALIKASAN

Ultimate Reliefs to be prayed for/ granted: Permanent Cease and Desist Order Order for rehabilitation or Restoration of damage Order for respondent to monitor strict compliance with court orders and decisions Order for respondent to make periodic reports on strict compliance with court orders and decisions. Such other reliefs (except award of damages to individual petitioners) NOTE: The Court will not grant an award for personal damages which may be claimed in a separate civil action.

THE PROCEDURE AT A GLANCE

Filing of Initiatory Pleading Manner: Personal or by registered mail Court of Jurisdiction: Court of Appeals OR Supreme Court
Court orders issuance of writ within THREE days upon filing of the action IF the petition is sufficient in form and substance. Clerk of Court issues writ under seal of court Writ is served either personally, or by substituted service. Clerk of court who unduly delays issuance of writ shall be punished for contempt of court.

Issuance of the Writ

Service of Writ

PROCEDURE: AT A GLANCE
Filing of Return Respondent files return of writ within NON-EXTENDIBLE period of TEN DAYS from receipt of writ. Effect of failure to file return: Court hears the case ex parte so as not to delay the proceedings. Court sets hearing UPON RECEIPT of return May include preliminary conference to simplify issues inorder to expedite proceedings Hearing period including preliminary conference should not exceed SIXTY DAYS

Hearing

After hearing, the court issues an order submitting the case for decision. It MAY require parties to submit a memorandum, if possible, in its electronic form, within a non-extendible period of thirty (30) days from the date the petition is submitted for Submission decision.

PROCEDURE: AT A GLANCE
Within sixty (60) days from the time the petition is submitted for decision, the court shall render judgment granting or denying the Judgment privilege of the writ of kalikasan. Appeal may be raised from Court of Appeals to Supreme Court within FIFTEEN DAYS from notice of adverse judgment or denial of motion for reconsideration under Rule 45 of Rules of Court. Issues that may be raised: Issues of law and by way of exception to Rule 45, issues of fact

Appeal

In case of a winning judgment, it will be executed Execution The execution will be governed by the ordinary rules.

WRIT OF CONTINUING MANDAMUS SECTION 1. PETITION FOR CONTINUING MANDAMUS. - WHEN ANY AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY OF THE GOVERNMENT OR OFFICER THEREOF UNLAWFULLY NEGLECTS THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ACT WHICH THE LAW SPECIFICALLY ENJOINS AS A DUTY RESULTING FROM AN OFFICE, TRUST OR STATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE ENFORCEMENT OR VIOLATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW RULE OR REGULATION OR A RIGHT THEREIN, OR UNLAWFULLY EXCLUDES ANOTHER FROM THE USE OR ENJOYMENT OF SUCH RIGHT AND THERE IS NO OTHER PLAIN, SPEEDY AND

STRATEGIC LAWSUIT AGAINST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Section 1. Strategic lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP). - A legal action filed to harass, vex, exert undue pressure or stifle any legal recourse that any person, institution or the government has taken or may take in the enforcement of environmental laws, protection of the environment or assertion of environmental rights shall be treated as a SLAPP and shall be governed by these Rules.

A WISE PRINCE OUGHT TO OBSERVE SOME SUCH RULES, AND NEVER IN PEACEFUL TIMES STAND IDLE, BUT INCREASE HIS RESOURCES WITH INDUSTRY IN SUCH A WAY THAT THEY MAY BE AVAILABLE TO HIM IN ADVERSITY, SO THAT IF FORTUNE (NATURE) CHANGES IT MAY FIND HIM PREPARED TO RESIST HER BLOWS

THE PRINCE -MACHIAVELLI, N., 1531

ABOUT THE NCCAP

Outlines the agenda for adaptation and mitigation for 2011 to 2028 Aims to address urgent and immediate needs and concerns of the country relating to the dangerous consequences of climate change to vulnerable Responding to the Presidents Social Contract Keeping the Promise Adopted on November 22, 2011

Intermediate Outcomes

Enhanced adaptive capacity of communities, resilience of natural ecosystems, and sustainability of built environment to climate change.

Successful transition towards climate-smart development.

Ultimate Outcomes

Special Programs

DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORM

RATIONALE

Special Order No. 530 series of 2010 creates Special Programs and Agrarian Reform Stakeholders Relations Office, to: - strengthen, streamline internal support systems and structure to service external clients with effective implementation, coordination and management of program components - enhance synergy among operating units of DAR

TASKS AND OBJECTIVES

Strengthen coordination among CIAs Develop and strengthen relations with the academe. Church, professional groups, ARBs, civil society, etc. Educate the public effectively re CARP Address pertinent issues affecting ARBs such as climate change and disaster risks Improve management and resolution of conflicts Improve management and development of DAR resettlements

SEVEN STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

FOOD SECURITY

FOOD SECURITY

WATER SUFFICIENCY

WATER SUFFICIENCY

ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY

ECOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STABILITY

HUMAN SECURITY

HUMAN SECURITY

CLIMATE-FRIENDLY INDUSTRIES AND SERVICES

CLIMATE-FRIENDLY INDUSTRIES AND SERVICES

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

KNOWLEDGE & CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

KNOWLEDGE & CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

NATIONAL BUDGET PREPARATION PROCESS AND CLIMATE EXPENDITURE TAGGING

I.

II.

III.

Social Contract / Key Result Areas (KRAs) Difference between KRA 5 and Climate Change Expenditures Budget Cycle and Climate Public Expenditure Tagging

SOCIAL CONTRACT / KEY RESULT AREAS

KRAs and Climate Expenditures

DRAFT DBM & CCC MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR

Guidelines in Tagging/Tracking Government Expenditures for Climate Change in the Budget Process

Rationale

Global climate change has severe consequences The Philippines is highly vulnerable to existing and future climate change-related risks

DBM & CCC MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR

Legal Framework

RA 9729 NCCAP Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) Act

Need for Green Growth in Climate Change Agenda National Government Policy

DBM & CCC MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR

Purpose

Under Section 4.5 of National Budget Memorandum No. 115, in the identification and prioritization of climate change related activities, all government agencies are required to undertake and take stock of relevant climate change programs and activities to achieve the following
1.

2.

3.

Better sequence and prioritize programs/activities/projects (P/A/Ps) to maximize their benefits to communities given the worsening impact of climate change; To assist government agencies, through a simple tool, to identify climate change related activities being one of the expenditure priorities the government, and; Enable fiscal and department manager to tract, report and monitor progress towards achieving development outcomes on climate change.