H.

Zehfran

Ullah

FA09-BET-130 FA09-BET-135

Imad Ahmad

Supervised by: Sir. Kamran Hafeez

 Introduction Photo

voltaic systems and its component System calculation Block diagram Software used Simulations Result comparison

PV systems have shown their potential in rural electrification projects around the world. Due to price decreases of PV systems, other applications are becoming economically attractive. In agriculture and other productive activities, which can have a significant impact on rural development we can easily install PV systems.

The main aim of this study is, therefore, to contribute to a better understanding of the potential impact and of the limitations of PV systems on sustainable agriculture and rural development (SARD). To use PV system for income generating activities. The most important to identify the potential contribution of PV to rural development in order to gain further financial and political commitment for PV projects and programs and to design appropriate PV projects.

Pakistan is a developing country and agriculture is the backbone of countrys economy. It is currently the seventh most populous country in the world. Agriculture sector occupies an important position in our economy and contributes about 21 percent of the gross domestic product. To improve agricultural sector of Pakistan we can use PV systems for the following Applications.

TYPE OF PV APPLICATION

TYPICAL SYSTEM DESIGN

Lighting and cooling for poultry factory.

60-200 Wp, electronics, battery, Energy saver lights, fans etc

Irrigation

1000 Wp, electronics, small DC or AC pump and water tank

Cattle watering For preservation and drying of fruits

800 Wp, DC /AC pump, water reservoir PV/wind hybrid systems or 300-700Wp PV with DC refrigerators (up to300 lt.)

Fish Forming. Crop spraying Incubator of eggs

900 Wp, batteries (450 Ah), DC engine, paddle wheel, for pond 10-15 Wp, sprayer Solar module of 150 Wp, for heating element of 60 eggs hatching.

 The

poultry sector is one of the most organized and vibrant segments of the agriculture industry of Pakistan. sector generates direct and indirect employment and income for about 1.5 million people. well known types of poultry production in Pakistan is rural and commercial poultry farming. of production is in the following table.

This

The

Comparison

TYPE :
Rural Poultry : Cocks Hens

Units
Million Nos

2006-07
74.02 8.84 34.84

2007-08
75.11 9.08 35.47

2008-09
76.22 9.32 36.11

Chicken
Eggs Meat Commercial Poultry Layers Broilers Breeding Stock Day old Chicks Eggs Meat

000 Tons

30.34
3484 96.54

30.57
3457 98.45

30.79
3611 100.41

Million Nos 000 Tons

24.82 370.70 7.25 387.20 6682 456.95

26.56 407.77 7.61 425.92 7136 501.30

28.42 448.55 7.99 468.51 7620 550.00

We observed local rural poultry farm located at rural area (Peshawar) having capacity 3000-4000 chickens accommodation. Chickens were kept with provision of 1 sq.ft / bird. Total area of our poultry farm is = 3500 sq.ft

Load component of Rural poultry Farm.

Component Number Power (Watt) Running hours/day Watt hours (Wh) KWh/day

Side Wall Fans

580

15

17400

17.4

Tunnel Fans

1000

10

10000

10

Lights

10

25

2000

Motors

746

1492

1.492

Total

30892

30.892

Electrical Energy Annual consumption

1000 900 800

Energy Consumption (KWh)

700 600 500 400 300

200
100 0 Nov-12 Dec-12 Jan-13 Feb-13 Mar-13 Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 Oct-13 avg Months(Nov-12-----Oct-13)

 Grid

tie System

Off

grid System back up system

Stand-alone

 Solar

Module Controller

Charge

Inverter

Batteries

PV Array Calculation Ac Load = 3.2 KW Max Running hours = 15 H/day Total energy per day = 30.892 KWH/day 30% losses included = 30.892*0.3 = 9.26 KWH Total energy required = 30.892+9.26= 40.15 KWH For Higher Efficiency we take total energ = 41 KWH Average Peak Sunrise Hours = 6.8 Hours Energy required from panels=41 KWH/6.8H= 6.03 KW Wattage of single panel = 235 W No of panels required to meet the total load specification= 6030W/235W= 26

Ac load = 3.2 KW Max Running hours = 15 H/day Total energy per day = 30.892 KWH/day 30% losses included = 30.892*0.3 = 9.26 KWH Total energy required= 30.892+9.26= 40.15 KWH For Higher Efficiency we take total energy= 41 KWH We use 100 Ah, 12V battery Energy required from batteries =41KVAH/12V=3416.67 AH No of batteries required =3416.67 AH/100AH=34


312 V 9.5 A 312 V

312 V ,19 A

Charge Controller (600 V & 20 A)

Inverter (330860 V & 10 KW)

Load

9.5 A

13 module in series (230 W & 24 V/piece)

13 module in series (230 W & 24 V/piece) 312 V, 19 A Charge Controller (600 V & 20 A)

17 batteries in Series (12 V & 100 Ah)

312 V

9.5 A

312 V

9.5 A

17 batteries in Series (12 V & 100 Ah)

13 module in series (230 W & 24 V/piece)

13 module in series (230 W & 24 V/piece)

 PV

Syst

 Simulation Detailed Main

Parameters

User needs

Results Type loss Diagram

Various

 Our

Stand alone System Cost

Number Price/piece Price

Component

Solar panels

52

Rs.10,700

Rs.5,56,400

Combiner Box

Rs.83,492

Rs.1,66,984

Inverter

Rs.3,21,000

Rs.3,21,000

Batteries

34

Rs.15,000

Rs.5,10,000

Total Cost

Rs.15,54,384

Month November,2012 December,2012 January,2013 February,2013 March,2013 April,2013 May,2013 June,2013 July,2013

WAPDA Bill (Price) 13448 13084 13471 13688 12626 12294 11727 11232 11558

August,2013
September,2013 October,2013 Annual cost

11482
13174 13370 151154

Chicken Price

Total chicken in a Flocks/year

Total chickens

Total turnover

flock

Rs.180

4000

5.5

22000

Rs.3960000

Result

Our PV standalone system have life approximately 25 years. So installation cost is less than approximate WAPDA grid Tariff. During 25 years we will pay Rs.37, 78,850 which is more than double cost of our Stand alone system. From the sale of rural poultry farm it is clear we can easily install our PV standalone systems.