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Cryoscopic Determination of Molar Mass

Prepared by: Jerlyn Rose Yasay

Introduction

What is Cryoscopy?
study or practice of determining the freezing point of liquids. Freezing point + solute Freezing point depression

Introduction

Baekmann method,

Introduction

Baekmann method, Cooled Steady and Slow

Temperature readings

Introduction

Figure 1 Cooling curve of (a) pure solvent and (b) solution

Introduction
=

=molar mass of the unknown solute, = 4.90 / , = ; = = and is the mass of the solute and solvent, respectively

Introduction

In the experiment, the molar mass of the unknown solid was determined by the freezing point of the benzene and the freezing point depression of the solution when the unknown was added, =

Data and Results


Table 1 temperature reading for benzene and the solution at an interval of 20 sec
Time Benzene Unknown (s) C C 0 10.041 12.125 20 8.054 10.306 40 6.384 8.195 60 5.125 6.723 80 5.315 4.793 100 5.322 3.876 120 5.323 5.285 140 5.33 5.284 Time Benzene Unknown (s) C C 160 5.33 5.284 180 5.33 5.274 200 5.33 5.264 220 5.33 5.145 240 4.98 260 4.7 280 4.559

Data and Results


12 14

10

12

10 temperature, C Temperature, C 8

4 2

0 0 100 timr,t 200 300

0 0 100 time, t 200 300

Figure 2 cooling curve (a) pure solvent To= 5.330 C (b) solution Tf= 5.256 C

Data and Results


Table 2 Freezing point depression and molar mass of unknown solid for each trial Trial To T Tf M Mave

1 2

5.330 5.256 -0.074 5.360 5.284 -0.071

191.3 199.4
195.3

Discussion

No of solutes=

Freezing point

entropy

Discussion

When a known mass of solute is added in a solvent, the freezing point of the solvent decreases to an extent equal to the number of solute added. T1 T2 Molar mass T1

T2

Molar mass

Sample Calculation

= = 5.256 5.330 = 0.049 =


4.90 (0.0633 )(1000)

(21.9125 )(0.049 )

= 288.88 /

Conclusion

Trial 1 2

To

Tf

M 191.3 199.4

Mave

5.330 5.256 -0.074 5.360 5.284 -0.071

195.3

color-= dark yellow

Conclusion

The molar mass of the unknown solid was 195.3 g/mol . .;. It is potassium chromate K2CrO4 with 194.19 g/mol. %error= 0.588%

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