L -18 Catalyst Deactivation

Prof. K. K.Pant
Department of Chemical Engineering
IIT Delhi.
kkpant@chemical.iitd.ac.in
Slow decay : Temperature time trajectory
Moderate decay: Moving bed reactors
Rapid Decay: Straight through transport reactors
For and n
th
order activity decay
and m
th
order gas phase
Coupled differential eqns to be solved are
(MBR)
Moving bed reactors
Thermofer Catalytic crackin unit (Used for reactions with moderate decay)
Combining activity equation with the mole balance equation:
For a first order Decay
Straight through Transport
Reactor (Circulating fludized bed
reactor)
Used when deactivation is rapid.
Used for production of gasoline
Catalyst pellet and feed enter
together and transported rapidly.
Bulk density of the catalyst is low
compared to Moving bed.
STTR : Used when coking is rapid.
Mole balance
r
A
=
b
r
A


Or
Z= Height ,and U is velocity of catalyst
Reading Assignment: Examples : 10.5 ,10.7, 10.8 Fogler
( )
a
| |
|
|
\ .
1 R 1
= ln +
T E T
a o
Temperature/Time Trajectories
A control strategy involves maintaining a
constant conversion with catalyst decay by
increasing operating temperature.
develop a temperature/time trajectory to find T t
relationship:
-r
A
(t=0,T
0
) = -r
A
(t= t,T) = a(t ,T)[-r
A
(t=0,T) ]

(For First order reaction )
( ) ( )
k T a T,t =k
o
| || |
| |
| |
| |
| |
\ .\ .
E
1 1
a
-
R T T
o
k e a =k
o o
Temperature/Time Trajectories
a
| |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
E
1 1
d
-
R T T
da o
n
r = - =k e
d d
dt
decay law is:
a
| |
|
|
|
|
|
\ .
E
d
- lna
E
da a
n
- =k e
d
dt
o
a
| |
|
|
|
|
|
\ .
E
d
n-
E
a
=k
d
o
( )
a
| |
|
|
\ .
1 R 1
= ln +
T E T
a o
Temperature/Time Trajectories
( )
| |
|
|
\ .
1- n+ E E
a
d
1- a
t =
k 1- n+ E E
a
d d
o
( )
a
| |
|
|
\ .
1 R 1
= ln +
T E T
a o
| || |
| |
| |
| |
| |
\ .\ .
E
1 1
a
-
R T T
o
a = e
| |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
| |
|
|
\ .
E -n E +E
a a
1 1
d
-
R T T
o
1- e
=
E
d
k 1- n+
d
E
o
a
a
a
| |
|
|
|
|
|
\ .
} }
E
d
-n+
E
a
t
da = -k dt
1
0
d
o
| |
|
|
\ .
E
d
- n 1
E
a
THANK YOU