MEETING 3: LESSON 2 PHRASAL VERBS

verb + particle (an adverb or preposition) combination that has a meaning different from the combined meanings of the verb and particle.

For example : the verb put can mean place, set, insert, cause to be in a certain condition. When combined with on, it can have several meanings, eg:

Dont believe him; hes just putting you on. (deceive someone) Will I need to put my coat on? (dress in clothing) Ani has put on a bit of weight. add We put on some soft music for Dad. start (something) playing

 Used

in everyday language rather than formal language Cannot usually guess the meaning from the combination of words idiomatic Some have more than one meaning (for example put on

Ordinary meaning of put and on does not indicate any of the meanings phrasal verbs are idiomatic which can be difficult for English learners. NOTE: o Not all verb + particle combination are phrasal verbs the use of particle (preposotion) does not change the basic meaning of the verb, eg:

Dive for The eagle dove for the fish.

o

for does not change the meaning of dive (plunge quickly/lunge) to does not change the meaning of cling ( adhere, hold on tightly)

Cling to He clung to the ledge until he was rescued.

o

verb + preposition particle

We cannot put the object between the verb and the preposition I came across this word in a magazine. (find by chance) What are you getting at exactly? (suggest) I wont stand for this kind of behaviour any longer! (tolerate) It took me a long time to get over my illness. (recover from) The police are looking into the robbery. (investigate) Anna takes after her mother. (look/resemble or behave like) I ran into Ahmad the other day. (meet by accident)

If the object is a long noun phrase, it is better to put it after the particle.

Dont throw away the lamp that I spent four hours fixing. Dont throw the lamp that I spent four hours fixing away. (?)

 verb

+ adverb particle

We can put the object between the verb and particle / after the particle. If the object is a pronoun eg me, it, him we put it between the verb and the particle, eg: We are trying to sort out the problem.

We are trying to sort the problem out. We are trying to sort it out. We put the meeting off until Friday. We put it off until Friday.

We put off the meeting until Friday.

The bus dropped off the students outside the school.

The bus dropped the students off outside the school. The bus dropped them off outside the school.

 verb

+ adverb particle no object (intransitive)

The traffic builds up here every day. My car has broken down again. It is important to speak out. What exactly is going on? The feeling of shock gradually wore off. Stop showing off! Jim always turns up late. Everything turned out all right in the end.

 Verb

+ adverb particle + preposition the object always comes after the preposition.
Have you come up with any ideas yet? Weve come up against a problem. She didnt get away with cheating in the exam. Maria has gone down with a bad cold. I cant put up with Alan! He annoys me! We want to do away with school monthly tests. Im really looking forward to seeing you. Tom ran out of his money three days before the pay day.

 Verb

+ adverb particle + preposition + object VS verb + particle (no object)

Verb+particle (no object) The oil has run out. Anna cant catch up.

Verb+particle+preposition+ object Weve run out of oil again. Ill catch up with you later.

Do you get along with David?

I cant keep up with the class.

Do you two get along?

I find its hard to keep up.

A special committee investigated the governments actions, but found nothing wrong. b. Everyone said that Richard was just like his father. c. If things go on like this, the company is going in the direction of disaster. d. When a man at the front started shouting, everyone else did the same. e. I found this article while I was doing my project. f. Maria is slowly recovering from her illness. g. I dont understand what is she trying to say. (heading for, joined in, took after, getting over, looked into, came across, getting at)
a.

 Form

a true sentence about yourself (??) with each phrasal verb below. break down get away with run out of look forward to get along with