1

Encapsulation PPP Point to Point Protocol (works with same and different company Routers i.e. Cisco Nortel, CiscoMulticom. Supports Authentication Supports Compression HDLC High level Data link Control Protocol (works with same company Router only, i.e. Cisco-Cisco, Nortel-Nortel, etc.) No Support for Authentication No Support for

Open Standard Protocol Vendor proprietary

Commpression
4

Device Classification DCE

Data Communication Equipment Generate clocking

DTE
Data Termination Equipment Accept clocking

(i.e. Speed).
Master Example of DCE device in Leased line setup : V.35 &

(i.e. Speed).
Slave Example of DTE device in Leased line setup : Router

G.703 Modem & Exchange

(Modem & MUX) Example of DCE device in Dial up setup : Dialup Example of DTE device in Dial up setup : Computer
5

Modem

V.35 Modem

E0 V.35 192.168.1.150 Cable

V.35 Cable

E0 192.168.2.150

2 pair of Copper Wire

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24

HYDERABAD OFFICE

CHENNAI OFFICE

G.703 Modem HYDERABAD MUX

EXCHANGE

G.703 Modem CHENNAI MUX

Fiber Optic Cable

Lab Setup
Wan Representation

S0

HYD

S1

CHE

In the labs we are using Back to Back Cable, this cable emulates copper wire, modems and MUX, i.e. it is acting as Exchange. Without DCE & DTE device communication is not possible.
7

V.35 Back to Back Cable

Lab Setup
DCE Interface DTE Interface

S0

HYD

S1

CHE

In labs Scenario if Exchange is not coming in between the Routers so who will generate clocking ? Here for Lab Setup we will convert one Router to DCE device which connected to DCE interface.

How can you tell which end is the DTE and which end is the DCE? Look at the label on the cable one will be DCE & one will be DTE. On DCE interface you had to give Clock rate command.
9

10.0.0.1/8 S0

11.0.0.1/8 S0

HYD

S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.1.150/24

CHE

S1 11.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24

BAN

12.0.0.1/8 S0

E0 192.168.3.150/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 14.0.0.2/8 S1 15.0.0.1/8 S0

12.0.0.2/8 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 S1 13.0.0.2/8 S1

SUR

E0 192.168.6.150/24

S0 14.0.0.1/8

BOM

E0 192.168.5.150/24

S0 13.0.0.1

PUNE

E0 192.168.4.1

15.0.0.2/8 LAN - 192.168.6.0/24 LAN - 192.168.5.0/24 S1 16.0.0.1/8 17.0.0.1/8 S0 S0

LAN - 192.168.4.0/24

JAI

E0 192.168.7.150/24

S1 16.0.0.2/8

AGRA

E0 192.168.8.150/24

S1 17.0.0.2/8

DEL
E0 192.168.9.150/24

LAN - 192.168.7.0/24 LAN - 192.168.8.0/24

LAN - 192.168.9.0/24

10

Wan Interface Configuration

10.0.0.1/8 S0

HYD
E0 192.168.1.150/24

S1 10.0.0.2/8

CHE
E0 192.168.2.150/24

LAN - 192.168.1.0/24

LAN - 192.168.2.0/24
11

12

13

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Hyderabad> enable password : **** Hyderabad# show controllers S 0 HD unit 0, idb = 0xB7574, driver structure at 0xBC2F8 buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DCE cable cpb = 0x1, eda = 0x4940, cda = 0x4800 RX ring with 16 entries at 0x4014800 00 bd_ptr=0x4800 pak=0x0BE054 ds=0x401B6A8 status=80 pak_size=0 01 bd_ptr=0x4814 pak=0x0BED04 ds=0x401E5B0 status=80 pak_size=0 02 bd_ptr=0x4828 pak=0x0BE224 ds=0x401BD60 status=80 pak_size=0 03 bd_ptr=0x483C pak=0x0BEED4 ds=0x401EC68 status=80 pak_size=0 --More-14

04 bd_ptr=0x4850 pak=0x0BEB34 ds=0x401DEF8 status=80 pak_size=0 05 bd_ptr=0x4864 pak=0x0BF0A4 ds=0x401F320 status=80 pak_size=0 06 bd_ptr=0x4878 pak=0x0BDE84 ds=0x401AFF0 status=80 pak_size=0 07 bd_ptr=0x488C pak=0x0BE794 ds=0x401D188 status=80 pak_size=0 08 bd_ptr=0x48A0 pak=0x0BDCB4 ds=0x401A938 status=80 pak_size=0 09 bd_ptr=0x48B4 pak=0x0BE964 ds=0x401D840 status=80 pak_size=0 10 bd_ptr=0x48C8 pak=0x0BE3F4 ds=0x401C418 status=80 pak_size=0 11 bd_ptr=0x48DC pak=0x0BDAE4 ds=0x401A280 status=80 pak_size=0 12 bd_ptr=0x48F0 pak=0x0BD914 ds=0x4019BC8 status=80 pak_size=0 13 bd_ptr=0x4904 pak=0x0BD744 ds=0x4019510 status=80 pak_size=0 14 bd_ptr=0x4918 pak=0x0BD574 ds=0x4018E58 status=80 pak_size=0 15 bd_ptr=0x492C pak=0x0BD3A4 ds=0x40187A0 status=80 pak_size=0 16 bd_ptr=0x4940 pak=0x0BD1D4 ds=0x40180E8 status=80 pak_size=0 cpb = 0x1, eda = 0x5014, cda = 0x5014 TX ring with 2 entries at 0x4015000 00 bd_ptr=0x5000 pak=0x000000 ds=0x4031838 status=80 pak_size=22 01 bd_ptr=0x5014 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 pak_size=0 02 bd_ptr=0x5028 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 pak_size=0 0 missed datagrams, 0 overruns 0 bad datagram encapsulations, 0 memory errors 0 transmitter underruns 0 residual bit errors Hyderabad# 15

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Chennai> enable password : **** Chennai# show controllers S 1 HD unit 0, idb = 0xB7574, driver structure at 0xBC2F8 buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DTE cable cpb = 0xE1, eda = 0x4814, cda = 0x4828 RX ring with 16 entries at 0xE14800 00 bd_ptr=0x4800 pak=0x0BEB34 ds=0xE1DEF8 status=80 pak_size=13 01 bd_ptr=0x4814 pak=0x0BF0A4 ds=0xE1F320 status=80 pak_size=13 02 bd_ptr=0x4828 pak=0x0BED04 ds=0xE1E5B0 status=80 pak_size=0 03 bd_ptr=0x483C pak=0x0BE964 ds=0xE1D840 status=80 pak_size=0 --More-16

04 bd_ptr=0x4850 pak=0x0BE794 ds=0xE1D188 status=80 05 bd_ptr=0x4864 pak=0x0BE5C4 ds=0xE1CAD0 status=80 06 bd_ptr=0x4878 pak=0x0BE3F4 ds=0xE1C418 status=80 07 bd_ptr=0x488C pak=0x0BE224 ds=0xE1BD60 status=80 08 bd_ptr=0x48A0 pak=0x0BE054 ds=0xE1B6A8 status=80 09 bd_ptr=0x48B4 pak=0x0BDE84 ds=0xE1AFF0 status=80 10 bd_ptr=0x48C8 pak=0x0BDCB4 ds=0xE1A938 status=80 11 bd_ptr=0x48DC pak=0x0BDAE4 ds=0xE1A280 status=80 12 bd_ptr=0x48F0 pak=0x0BD914 ds=0xE19BC8 status=80 13 bd_ptr=0x4904 pak=0x0BD744 ds=0xE19510 status=80 14 bd_ptr=0x4918 pak=0x0BD574 ds=0xE18E58 status=80 15 bd_ptr=0x492C pak=0x0BD3A4 ds=0xE187A0 status=80 16 bd_ptr=0x4940 pak=0x0BD1D4 ds=0xE180E8 status=80 cpb = 0xE1, eda = 0x5028, cda = 0x5028 TX ring with 2 entries at 0xE15000 00 bd_ptr=0x5000 pak=0x000000 ds=0xE31964 status=80 01 bd_ptr=0x5014 pak=0x000000 ds=0xE31964 status=80 02 bd_ptr=0x5028 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 0 missed datagrams, 0 overruns 0 bad datagram encapsulations, 0 memory errors 0 transmitter underruns 0 residual bit errors Chennai#

pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0 pak_size=0

pak_size=13 pak_size=13 pak_size=0

17

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Configuring Serial interface Welcome to Hyderabad Router Router(config)#interface serial <no> ================================ Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> User Access Verification Router(config-if)#no shutdown password : **** Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Hyderabad> enable Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shutdown Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)#
18

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.2.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Chennai RouterConfiguring Serial interface Router(config)#interface serial <no> ================================ Router(config-if)#ip address <address> <mask> User Access Verification Router(config-if)#no shutdown password : **** Router(config-if)#clockrate <clock rate> Chennai> enable Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} password : **** Chennai# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# interface serial 1 Chennai(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 Chennai(config-if)# no shutdown Chennai(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Chennai(config-if)# exit Chennai(config)#
19

Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> telnet 192.168.1.150 Connecting ..... ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** Hyderabad> enable password : **** Hyderabad# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# interface serial 0 Hyderabad(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Hyderabad(config-if)# no shutdown Hyderabad(config-if)# clockrate 64000 Hyderabad(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad(config-if)# exit Hyderabad(config)# exit Hyderabad# show int s0 20

Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8

MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:05:29, output 00:00:03, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max Serial0 is up, line protocol is up active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 997 packets input, 20161 bytes, 0 no buffer fine. Received 875 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 899 packets output, 24785 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 132 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 325 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up Hyderabad# show int s0 21

Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8
MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:01:27, output 00:01:20, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec Implies, No Shut (Layer1 command) has not been 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 995 packets input, 20133 bytes, 0 no buffer given on 873 the broadcasts, local routers interface. Received 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 896 packets output, 24163 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 131 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 325 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up Hyderabad# show int s0 22

Serial0 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8
MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:07:56, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Serial0 is up, line protocol is down Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved ,Conversations 0/0 allocated) Implies Encapsulation or (allocated/max Clock Rate (Layer2 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec commands) not been given on 1028 packets have input, 20595 bytes, 0 or noencapsulation buffer Received 906 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles both the routers different. 0 input errors, 0 are CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 917 packets output, 25475 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 138 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 341 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up Hyderabad# show int s0 23

Serial0 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8
MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255

Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:12:40, output 00:00:08, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Serial0 is down, line protocol is total/threshold/drops) down Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved ,Conversations 0/0 been (allocated/max allocated) Implies No Shut has not given on the remote 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec routers interface or21435 somebytes, problem with the physical 1088 packets input, 0 no buffer Received 966 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles connectivity. 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 945 packets output, 26091 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 147 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 370 carrier transitions DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down Hyderabad# 24

25