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Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures

BY ENGR. SYED SIKANDAR SHAH

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SAP2000 is a stand-alone finite-element-based structural program for the analysis and design of civil structures.

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The SAP2000 Screen SAP2000 graphical user interface is shown in the figure. The various parts of the interface are labeled in the figure and are described as follows.

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Menu Bar

The menus on the Menu Bar contain almost all of the operations that can be performed using SAP2000. Those operations are called menu commands, or simply commands.

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Toolbars

The buttons on the toolbars provide quick access to many commonly used operations. Hold the mouse cursor over one of these buttons and a tool tip will pop up showing the function of the button.

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Display Windows

Display windows show the geometry of the model, and may also include properties, loading, analysis or design results. From one to four display windows may be displayed at any time.

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Display Windows

Each window may have its own view orientation, type of display, and display options.

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Status Bar

The status bar contains the following items:

Status information about what the program is currently doing, or the number of objects currently selected.

The coordinates of the mouse cursor.

A drop-down list to show or change the current units. A drop-down list to show or change the current coordinate system. Scrolling controls when displaying analysis results for multi-step cases. Animation controls when displaying deformed shapes.

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Using the Mouse

The left and right mouse buttons have different functions depending on the location of the mouse in the graphical user interface.
Clicking either mouse button in a display window makes that window active. Viewing Options Various view options for the active Display Window can be set to control how the structure appears in that window. Those options are available on the View menu.

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2-D and 3-D Views

A 2-D view consists of a single plane or surface. Only objects in that plane or surface are visible.
A 3-D view shows the entire model from a user selected vantage point. Visible objects are not restricted to a single plane. Perspective A 3-D view may be toggled between a perspective view and an orthographic projection.

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Pan, Zoom, and 3-D Rotate

Zoom-in to a view to see more detail, or zoom-out to see more of the structure.
Zooming in and out may be performed in predefined increments. Also, zoom in on a part of the structure using the mouse by dragging a window around the area of interest while holding down the left mouse button.

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The Structural Model

SAP2000 analyzes and designs your structure using a model that you define in the graphical user interface. The model consists primarily of the following types of components:
Units Objects Groups Coordinate systems and grids Properties Load cases

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The Structural Model

Functions Analysis cases Combinations Design settings Output and display definitions

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The Graphical User Interface

The SAP2000 graphical user interface is used to

Model Analyze Design, and Display the results for your structure

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Model

New models can be started from scratch or from pre-defined templates supplied with the program.
Scratch Method

In this method we use Grid Only command to draw our structure.

Exercise
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