Georgia Tech School of Biology

In which molecule is carbon most reduced?

a) b) c) d) Methane Carbon dioxide Carbonic acid Formic acid

carbon dioxide
methane

carbonic acid

formic acid

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

An organism that gets electrons from H2 and makes its own organic carbon from carbon dioxide is classified as a: a) b) c) d) Chemoheterotroph Chemoautotroph Photoheterotroph Photoautotroph

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

When a marshmallow catches fire and burns: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 H2O
a) b) c) d) e) The carbon atoms of sugar are reduced The hydrogen atoms of sugar are reduced Molecular oxygen is reduced All of the above None of the above

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in

a) All cells in the presence of oxygen b) Only in mitochondria in the presence of oxygen c) Only in mitochondria, using either oxygen or alternative electron acceptors d) All respiring cells, using either oxygen or alternative electron acceptors e) All respiring cells, except Archaea

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

If cytoplasmic ATP concentration is high, and the extracellular H+ concentration is low, then
a) ATP synthase will synthesize ATP at a slower rate b) ATP synthase will synthesize ATP at a faster rate c) ATP synthase will hydrolyze ATP and pump protons out of the cell d) ATP synthase will hydrolyze ATP and pump protons into the cell

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Which of the following would NOT have been a possible energy-harvesting pathway for the Last Universal Common Ancestor?
a. Organic molecules as electron donor, sulfate as electron acceptor b. Organic molecules as electron donor, oxygen as electron acceptor c. H2 as electron donor, Fe+3 as electron acceptor

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Electricity from mud? Form groups of 3, 4 or 5 students Read:

jchoigt.wordpress.com/2012/01/08/microbial-fuel-cells/

Answer questions on worksheet

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Microbial fuel cells bioelectrical energy

Oxic zone

Anoxic layer

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Questions for group discussion

1. What are the ultimate source molecules for the electrons captured by the anode? 2. Where is the electron transport chain located in bacteria? 3. How do electrons get from the source molecules to the anode? Describe the general path 4. How would the presence of air (oxygen) at the anode affect electricity output by the MFC? 5. What is the theoretical maximum voltage output of a single MFC? 6. If all the electrons from food went to the anode, can the bacteria make ATP, using either substrate-level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation?
Biology 1510 Biol 1510 Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

What is the ultimate source of the electrons collected by the anode?

a) Organic molecules used as food by the bacteria b) Water c) Oxygen d) Carbon dioxide

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

In cells, the pathway of electrons is

a) From food to the electron transport chain to NAD+ to oxygen b) From oxygen to the electron transport chain to NAD+ to food. c) From food to NAD+ to the electron transport chain to ATP synthase d) From food to NAD+ to the electron transport chain to the terminal electron acceptor e) From food to NAD+ to the electron transport chain to ADP
Biol 1510 Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

The electron transport chain in bacteria is located

a) b) c) d) e) In their mitochondrial inner membranes In their mitochondrial outer membranes On their plasma membranes In the cytoplasm In the nucleoid

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Which reagents added to the mud around the anode would boost electricity output? a) Oxygen b) More organic food molecules c) Better alternative terminal electron acceptors such as Fe3+ or nitrate d) More protons (lower pH) e) A microbicide (antibiotic)

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

What metabolic processes are microbes at the anode using to make most of their ATP? a) b) c) d) e) Aerobic respiration Oxidative phosphorylation Anaerobic respiration Substrate-level phosphorylation Both b) and c)

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech

Georgia Tech School of Biology

Can eukaryotic cells generate electric current in this kind of microbial fuel cell?

Biol 1510

Georgia Tech