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CHILD LABOUR
The change starts within each one of us, and ends only when all children are free to be children. Craig Kielburger
Families with normal lives and a steady income have parents who go to work and children who go to school and have time to play. This is not the case for the 218 million child labourers who daily find themselves working long hours under harsh, dangerous and exploitative conditions.
Globally the majority of child labourers come from the poorer sections of society.
Social exclusion and discrimination are important factors that keep children out of school and force them to work. Ending poverty and increasing access to education are therefore crucial tools in the fight against ending child labour.
Reduce poverty
Improving access to education and attacking poverty head-on would go a long way to solving the challenges children face. We must help them in their struggle. Child labour is an issue is closely connected with poverty,
Most people agree that when we speak about child labour, we mean labour which is intolerable or harmful to children, or which denies them their right to fully develop, to play or to go to school.
Finally, a child worker can enter into bondage to their employer by requesting an advance on future wages they expect to earn.
BONDED LABOUR
In all of these cases, the debt is consistently increased, through interest, to a sum beyond the capacity of the worker to repay. Expenses and interest consume all wages and also cause the debt to grow. Essentially, the child labourer becomes the property of the debt collector.
Globally,
73 million working children are less than 10 years old . Every year, 22,000 children die in work-related accidents. The largest number of working children-122 million-are in the Asia-Pacific region.
The highest proportion of working children is in sub-Saharan Africa, where nearly one third of the children aged 14 and under (48 million children) are in the labour force. Between 40 and 50 per cent of all forced labourers are children.
1.2 million of these children have been trafficked (bought and/or sold).
Poverty
Poor families need to keep as many family members working as possible to ensure income security and survival. This makes it very difficult for poor families to invest in their children's education. In fact, educating a child can be a significant financial burden. In many instances "free" public education is in fact very costly to a poor family.
EDUCATION
Poor families are expected to purchase books, school supplies and uniforms, and sometimes even pay teachers' wages. Many poor families weigh the cost of sending their children to school against the cost of the income lost by sending their children to work. Many children live in areas that do not have adequate school facilities, so they work. Many countries do not have free compulsory education for all, which is an obstacle to sending working children to school.
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
Poor households tend to have more children, and with large families there is a greater likelihood that children will work and have lower school attendance and completion. Some employers hire children because they can pay them less money. They also offer poor working conditions because children are less likely to complain.
In countries all over the world, countless laws and policies against the exploitation of children already exist: the political will to enforce them however, does not.
Better access to education Social awareness and activism The rehabilitation of child labourers. Legislation and proper enforcement child labour laws
Success Story: In 1994, Malawi made primary education free. From one academic year to the next, enrolment increased by roughly 50 percent, and more of the new students were female than male.
How
do you know if what you are buying was made using child labour?
Consumers should check if labels state that the product is union made. Watch for the labels of campaigns such as Rugmark who is working to end child labour in the carpet industry and Fairtrade Mark. These types of labels provide a guarantee that children were not involved in the production of the item. If you don't know ...ask! The sales staff may be able to provide you with the information you need. Then contact the company explaining your concern.
Rugmark
300,000 children in India, Nepal and Pakistan are spending long days working in poor conditions. Through independent certification and educational programs, RugMark is working to end child labor in the South Asian carpet industry, but they cant do it alone they need your help.
An estimated 14 percent of children in India ages 514 are engaged in child labor activities, including carpet production. (The State of the Worlds Children 2006, UNICEF)
Agriculture
Of the 250 million child laborers worldwide, it is estimated that at least half of them work in agriculture alone. There are many different types of agricultural work. One of them is picking fruits and vegetables. The work is physically demanding because the children must bend down, kneel, climb ladders, carry heavy loads of fruit, and other things.
They also are exposed to dangerous tools and have to use unsafe machinery they don't know how to operate. They also are exposed to dangerous tools and have to use unsafe machinery they don't know how to operate. Children who work in agriculture often experience back pain from bending over so much, and also have blistered and callused hands from operating machinery and using tools such as rakes, hoes, and shovels all day long.
What is to be done?
Creating international laws that countries can adopt in order to stem child labor. - the minimum age for employment for children. Many accept this is 15. national laws - banning the import of some child-labor-made items. - laws that ban child labor under a certain age, actually enforcing these laws. Laws do absolutely no good when not enforced, Governments should have a minimum family income that would be used to support poor families.
Special Programs:
Special Programmes
In Mexico and Brazil, two programs give parents an incentive to invest in their childs future. by giving families money if their children attend school regularly instead of working for. In Brazil, for example, families receive $24, and the program reaches 11.4 million people (a fourth of Brazils population).
Naravan Tiwari
Naravan was a child labourer for about eight years in the carpet industry before he was rescued and placed in a special programme.
Remember