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"the systematic use of a theoretical model to establish an interpersonal process wherein trained play therapists use the therapeutic powers of play to help clients prevent or resolve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal growth and development."
Techniques: Tracking
The counselor is an observer The counselor restates what the child is doing without adding negative or positive statements Children are allowed to process on their own without counselor interpretation
Baggerly and Parker (2005) used CCPT with 22 African American males
Final Thoughts
Play therapy allows children to process and proceed at their own pace Developmentally appropriate Works with culturally diverse children, labeled children, and those experiencing trauma Graduate students should be aware of and trained in play therapy to face the needs they will encounter in the school system
Resources
Association of Play Therapy (n.d.). About Play Therapy Overview. Retrieved May 15, 2008 from http://www.a4pt.org/ps.playtherapy.cfm Baggerly, J., & Parker, M. (2005). Child-centered group play therapy with African American boys at the elementary school level. Journal of Counseling and Development 83(4), 387-397. Dougherty, J. & Ray, D.C. (2007). Differential impact of play therapy on developmental levels of children. International Journal of Play Therapy, 16(1), 2-19. de Rios, M. D. (1997). Magical realism: A cultural intervention for traumatized Hispanic children. Cultural Diversity & Mental Health, 3(3), 159-170. Fall, M. (1994). Physical and emotional expression: A combination approach for working with children in the small areas of a school counselors office. School Counselor, 42(1), 73-77. Fall, M., Balvanz, J., Johnson, L., & Nelson, L. (1999). A play therapy intervention and its relationship to self-efficacy and learning behaviors. Professional School Counseling, 2(3), 194-204.
Resources
Gil, E. (1994). Play in family therapy. New York: Guilford. Johnson, L., Mcleod, E.H., & Fall, M. (1997). Play therapy with labeled children in the schools. Professional School Counseling, 1(1), 31-34. Kottman, T. (2001). Play therapy: Basics and beyond. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Lambert, S.F., LeBlanc, M., Mullen, J.A., Ray, D., Baggerly, J., White, J., & Kaplan, D. (2005). Learning more about those who play in session: The national play therapy in counseling practices project. International Journal of Play Therapy, 14(2), 7-24. Landreth, G. L. (1991). Play therapy: The art of the relationship. Muncie, IN: Accelerated Development.
Resources
Post, P. (1999) Impact of child-centered play therapy on the self-esteem, locus of control, and anxiety of at-risk 4th-, 5th-, and 6th grade students. International Journal of Play Therapy, 8, 1-18. Ray, D. C. (2006). Evidence-based play therapy. In Schaefer, C. E. & Kaduson, H. G. (Ed), Contemporary play therapy: Theory, research, and practice (pp.# 136- 157). New York: Guilford. Ray, D.C., Armstrong, S.A., Warren, E.S., & Balkin, R.S. (2005). Play therapy practices among elementary school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 8(4), 360-366. Shen, Y., & Sink, C.A. (2002). Helping elementary-age children cope with disasters. School Counseling, 5(5). Synder, B.A. (1997) Expressive art therapy techniques: Healing the soul through creativity. Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 32(2), 74-82.