Peralta Robles, Nicole Palomino Ruiz, Jorge Montero Tpac, Alejandra Tataje, Jos Yanamango Salazar , Juan Luis

INTRODUCTION

The Reproductive System passes genetic material to a new generation and ensures that the human race continues.

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The female reproductive system is located inside the body in the pelvis. The female reproductive system has four main parts: the vagina the uterus the fallopian tubes the ovaries

VAGINA

The vagina is about three to five inches (eight to 12 centimeters) long in a grown woman. It can expand and contract to allow for birth of a baby. It is lined with mucous membranes. The vagina has several functions: sexual intercourse, as the birth canal in childbirth, and as the exit for menstrual blood.

UTERUS

The uterus looks like an upside-down pear. It is made of some of the strongest muscles in the female body. These muscles expand during pregnancy and contract to push the baby out at birth. A non-pregnant uterus is about three inches (seven and a half centimeters) long and two inches (five centimeters) wide.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

The fallopian tubes connect the uterus to the ovaries. When an egg leaves the ovary, it goes into the fallopian tube. In the lining of the fallopian tube are tiny hairs that push the egg toward the uterus.

OVARIES

The ovaries are two ovalshaped organs above the uterus on the right and left. Ovaries produce store, and release eggs into the fallopian tubes during ovulation. The ovaries are also part of the Endocrine System. They produce the female sex hormones: estrogen and progesterone.

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The male reproductive system is located outside of the body. Parts of the male reproductive system are: the testes the duct system the accessory glands the penis

TESTES

After puberty, the testes produce and store millions of sperm cells. They produce the hormone testosterone. Testosterone creates the bodily changes in males during puberty and starts the production of sperm.

EPIDIDYMIS

The epididymis and the vas deferens make up the duct system of the male reproductive organs.It transports the sperm-containing fluid called semen. The epididymis and the testes hang in a sac-like structure outside the pelvis called the scrotum.

SEMINAL VESICLES

The seminal vesicles attach to the vas deferens. The prostate gland produces some of the parts of semen. It is located at the base of the urethra below the bladder. The urethra carries semen to the outside of the body through the penis.

PENIS

The penis has two parts: the shaft the glans The shaft is the main part of the penis and the glans is the tip. At the end of the glans is an opening, where semen and urine exit the urethra. The foreskin is a fold of skin at the end of the penis covering the glans. Circumcision is a surgical removal of the foreskin.

PREGNANCY AND BIRTH

If a female and male have sex within several days of the female's ovulation, fertilization can occur. The fertilized egg burrows itself into the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. As the fertilized egg grows, it becomes an embryo. At about 9 weeks after fertilization, the embryo becomes a fetus.

Pregnancy lasts around 280 days about nine months. During labor, the cervix relaxes, and the amniotic sac breaks, releasing its fluid The baby is pushed out of the uterus through the cervix and the vagina. The placenta is delivered last.

After birth, the breasts and mammary glands are important to the reproductive process. The mammary glands are in the breasts. During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone stimulate the production of milk.

MAINTAINING A HEALTHY REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Just as all other systems of the body need to be cared for, there are rules to keep the Reproductive System healthy: Eat a healthy diet. Decrease caffeine intake. Stop smoking Limit alcohol Exercise regularly Wash fresh food before eating Maintain safe sex practices

DISEASES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

CHLAMYDIA

Is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. It causes painful intercourse, urinary burning and a discharge. Without treatment, it can cause severe conditions.

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

Happens when a fertilized egg attaches itself and grows inside the fallopian tube. This causes severe abdominal pain and is a serious condition requiring medical attention.

ENDOMETRIOSIS

Happens when tissue normally found only in the uterus starts to grow inside the pelvic cavity. It can cause abnormal bleeding, painful periods, and general pelvic pain.

HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)

Is thought to be one of the main causes of cervical cancer. A vaccine is available to prevent HPV infection.

INGUINAL HERNIA

Happens when a portion of the intestines push through an abnormal opening or weakening of the abdominal wall into the groin or scrotum. The hernia may look like a bulge or swelling in the groin area.

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