ENERGY CONVERSION ENGINE

Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Semester 1nd Class X Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan SK-KD 3TH

Target of Lesson
Student can explain combustion engine concept
Student can explain electric motor concept Student can explain electric generator concept Student can explain fluid pump concept Student can explain compressor concept Student can explain refrigeration concept
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Combustion Engine Concept

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Definition
In general combustion engine in for becoming: 1. Internal of Combustion Engine Heat engine processing the baking happened in itself combustion engine 2. External of Combustion Engine Heat engine which way of obtaining the dissociation energy of diatomic with baking process outside called as external baking engine
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Internal Combustion Engine

Compressor

Combustion Chamber

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External Combustion Engine

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Work Principle
THREE FACTORS DETERMINING ENGINE PERFORMANCE

Fuel

Compression

Ignition

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Work Principle
Gasoline

Air
Spark Combustion Chamber Cylinder
Combustion Gas

Piston

Force Connecting Rod Crankshaft

Rotational force (torque)

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Work Principle
Intake

4
Exhaust

Cycle

2
Compression

3
Combustion
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Construction

Cylinder heads

Camshafts

Valves Cylinders

Pistons

Connecting rods

Crankshafts

2 - cycle

4 - cycle
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4 Stroke Engine

Engine 4 stroke( tak) be engine which in the one cycles can yield 1 times energy and finalized with 4 piston impulse and 2 revolution crankshaft.

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4 Stroke Engine

IN

EX INTAKE STROKE

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4 Stroke Engine

COMPRESSION STROKE

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4 Stroke Engine

EXPANSION STROKE

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4 Stroke Engine

EXHAUST STROKE

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2 Stroke Engine

Engine 2 stroke ( tak) be engine which in the one cycles can yield 1 times energy and finalized with 2 piston impulse 1 revolution crankshaft.

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2 Stroke Engine
1. PISTON MOVE FROM TMB TO TMA

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2 Stroke Engine
2. PISTON MOVE FROM TMA TO TMB

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2 Stroke Engine
3. PISTON MOVE FROM TMA TO TMB

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2 Stroke Engine
4. PISTON MOVE FROM TMA TO TMB

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2 Stroke Engine
5. PISTON MOVE FROM TMB TO TMA

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Electric Motor Concept

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Definition
Electromagnetic force ( left hand Fleming Rule )

Biggest electromagnetic force scale when direction of vertical magnetic field with current, and increases is proportional with conductor length, big of current, and magnetic field strength.

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Left Hand Fleming Rule

Relation between direction of magnetic force lines, current and strength ( impulse ) always permanent like shown in to be upper. This connection called as left hand principle Fleming. If left hand finger is bended [by] like drawing beside, hence the hand radius will show different direction. Thumb : direction of Impulse Hand finger : direction of Electric current Forefinger : Magnetic force lines
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Left Hand Fleming Rule

Like shown to drawing, when coil packed into a magnetic field, current flows with opposite orientation to left side and right, and magnetic force yielded based on left hand principle Fleming, so that coil creates impulse to turn around, because this revolution takes place continuous, hence required by commutator and brush.
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Base Work

Division which towards conductor cord north pole and which towards antartic receives force from vertical direction at the oposite so that rotary conductor cord. This called as revolution principle of motor.
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Electric Motor Construction

Armature

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Electric Generator Concept

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Function of electromagnetic induction and induction of electromotive

Showing above drawing a magnet is moved quickly in a coil. If magnet moved like that in coil, strain will be yielded and lamp will blaze. On the contrary if permanent magnet in place of hence lamp will die.
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Right Hand Rule

A phenomenon so-called right hand law happened between magnetic force lines directions, conductor residing in depth moved and direction of induction electromotive force ( direction of electric current ).

Like shown to drawing, if electrical hand finger is bended [by] hence forefinger will show direction of magnetic force lines, thumb shows direction of conductor impulse and hand finger shows direction of induction electromotive force.

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Electromotive force
Level of electromotive force changes is proportional with elements following: Magnetic force strength Conductor length ( magnetic induction increases if length to increase) Speed of rotary conductor

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Rectification of Electromotive force

To yield continuous electromotive force, conductor must continuously protected from magnetic flux.
This thing can be reached by the way of making rotary conductor in magnetic field or with magnet and conductor in a state of keeping quiet in place.

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Rectification of Electromotive force

An alternating current generator usually applied to yield energy. When rotary coil at a speed of permanent in magnetic field, electromotive force at fickle coil. Electromotive force yielded in this way is called as alternating current electromotive force. If this electricity applied as it is ( alternating current ) hence called as alternating current generator.
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Generator
When rotary power wheel, magnetic flux in peripatetic stator with impulse repeatedly, so that strain AC induceed in lighting coil or charging coil.
Direct alternating current applied for equipments using source of electricity AC like headlight. While to filling battery, alternating current experiences concurrent by diode before doing impregnation.
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Fluid Pump Concept

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Definition
Pump is one of functioning engine type to remove fluid from a place to place wanted.

The fluid the example is water, oil or lubricating oil, and other fluid of which is compress not able to.

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Pump Mechanism
Water Reservoir

Pressure pipe

Water source Pump Electric motor

Inlet pipe
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Pump Work Principle

Exhaust flow Pump House Shaft

Inlet flow

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How To Work
Pump shaft will rotate if the rotary actuator. Because rotary pump shaft of impeller with rotary impeller blades The fluid in it will rotate so that accentual and the speed rising and thrown from middle pumped to passage which is in the form of volut or spiral then out through nozzle
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How To Work

Function of pump impeller is change mechanical energy that is revolution of impeller becomes fluid dissociation energy of diatomic ( fluid).

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Pump Classification
Based on Impeller

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Pump Classification
Based on House Pump

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Pump Classification
Based on Inlet

Two Inlet flow

Shaft

One Inlet flow

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Pump Classification
One level Pump
Pressure Part Pump Shaft Bearing

Inlet Part

House Pump

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Compresor Concept

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Definition
Compressor is Compress device or air compression equally compressor is compressed air producer.
Because compression process, air has higher level dividing valve Compared to area air pressure (1 atm).

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Construction

Inlet valve Cylinder

Exhaust valve V-belt

Air Exhaust

Air Tank

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How To Work
Inlet Stroke Compressor inlet air because dividing valve in platen lower than 1 atm
Inlet valve Cylinder
Connecting rod Exhaust valve

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How To Work
Compression Stroke Air in compressor is compression, pressure and air temperatur increase

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How To Work
Exhaust Stroke Because compress atmospheric pressure, valve to external opened and compressed air out cylindrical

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Classification

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Compressor Type
Vane Compressor

Shaft

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Compressor Type
Root Type Compressor

External Root Drive Shaft

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Compressor Type
Screw or Pitch Type Compressor

Pitch
Air Pressure Flow

Drive shaft
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Compressor Type
Single Work Piston Compressor
Crankshaft

Main Bearing

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Compressor Type
Double Work Piston Compressor

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Compressor Type
1 Level Centrifugal Compressor

Blade

Compressor House

Bearing

Shaft

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Compressor Type
Multi Level Compressor
Many blade

Air Compression Out

Bearing

Axis Air Intake

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Air Compression Usage

Atmosphere filler at bicycle tubed tire or car Impurity sprayer at machine parts Brake at bus and Train Pneumatic door at bus and Train Atmosphere donor at aquarium Fans for air conditioner Blower for stove blower Fan ventilator Compressed air at painting Mobile hoist pneumatis Transportasi gas solid pneumatically at chemical industry
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Refrigeration Concept

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Definition

Refrigeration engine in general applied for air conditioning a room, housing or industry, so that each and everyone is residing in at ruagan will feel balmy. This device usualy is called as with Air Conditioning

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Component
Compressor Compressor is as circulation refrigerant actuator to. Condenser Condenser functions to throw away calorie from area refrigerant Expansion valve Expansion valve is functioning device refrigerant expansion to so that its(the dividing valve is downwards. Evaporator Evaporator is place where calorie from area is permeated to be used vaporization of refrigerant.
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Component

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How To work
Refrigerant in evaporator permeates temperature from the air passing it

Change refrigerant from fluid to gas

Compressor functions circulation of refrigerant to in system

Refrigerant is in the form of semi liquid

Refrigerant is made cool so that is in the form of liquid

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How To work
Condition of Refrigerant

High Pressure

Low Pressure

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Refrigerant
Refrigerant 12 or R 12 many used at household refrigerating machine and Ac automobile
Refrigerant 22. Its(the more characteristic menguntunkan compared to R12 so that R 22 many used for substitution R12 for refrigeration engine

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