Human rights is linked with health

AIDS, a transmissible viral infection…

Mann named AIDS as a human rights

issue, and a global rights issue.
"basic rights and freedoms to which
all humans are entitled."

http://www.un.org/events/humanrights/2007/h
rphotos/declaration%20_eng.pdf
 Jonathan Mann, MD, MPH
International Health and Human Rights Pioneer

a field guy who became a media superstar

1974 M.D. Washington University in St. Louis

1980 M.P.H. Harvard School of Public Health
1981-1984 Epidemic Intelligence Service New Mexico
smart, fluent French speaker.

1984. WHO Global Program on AIDS

-left WHO
 Mann’s theory develops…
An ah ha moment becomes EBP
created Institute for Health & Human Rights.
 $20 million endowment to fight against AIDS through persuasion of people and
to change and improve the laws that provided more civil & human rights to
people.

1991 USA founder Doctors of the World now HealthRight International

 1993 -1997 first director François-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health &
Human Rights
Example

Married, monogamous women in East Africa

documented to be infected with HIV.

these women know about HIV, and

condoms are accessible in the marketplace..

What is the problem?

Describe major concepts/ constructs

Describe conceptual / operational definitions

Identify the concept relationships

Provide a diagram including all concepts

 QuickTimeª and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
practical utility of the theory

QuickTimeª and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
 Discuss the following: clarity, & internal and external
consistency of the theory
 Does it seek to describe, explain, predict and/or control?
 How does the theory guide your practice?

 Expired drugs and inexperienced do gooders

 Coordinating with warlords
 Self emulation
 Therapeutic feeding centers
 Clitoriolectomies
 Genocide

 What limitations inherent in the theory limit its use? Not easy-
need HR understanding
References

Easley, C., Allen, E. and Easley, C. (2007). A Critical Intersection: Human Rights, Public Health Nursing, and
Nursing Ethics. Advances in Nursing Science. Health, Human Rights, and Poverty. 30(4):367-382,

De Negri Filho, A. (2008). A human rights approach to quality of life and health: Applications to public health
programming. Health And Human Rights: An International Journal, 10(1). Retrieved March 1, 2009, from
http://www.hhrjournal.org/index.php/hhr/article/view/29/107

London, L. (2008). What is a human rights-based approach to health and does it matter?. Health And Human Rights:
An International Journal, 10(1). Retrieved March 1, 2009, from
http://www.hhrjournal.org/index.php/hhr/article/view/25/120

Mann JM, Gruskin S, Grodin MA and Annas GJ, eds., Health and Human Rights: A Reader New
York: Routledge. 1999:11–18.

Mann, J. (1995). Human Rights and the New Public Health. Health And Human Rights, 1(3) (pp. 229-233)

Yamin, A. (2009). Beyond compassion: The central role of accountability in applying a human rights framework to
health. Health And Human Rights: An International Journal, 10(2). Retrieved March 1, 2009, from
http://www.hhrjournal.org/index.php/hhr/article/view/78/143
List of works
Vamps, Virgins and Victims: How Can Women Fight Aids? Robin Gorna,
Jonathan M. Mann
Health and Human Rights: A Reader Sofia Gruskin, Jonathan M. Mann,
Michael A. Grodin
AIDS in the World II: Global Dimensions, Social Roots, and Responses
Jonathan M. Mann, Daniel J. M. Tarantola
References
Gostin LO. Public Health, Ethics, and Human Rights: A Tribute to the late Jonathan Mann. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics.
2001. 28:121-130.

Schusky RW. Jonathan's Mantle. Lancet. 1998. 352(9145):2025.

Mann JM, Gruskin S, Grodin MA and Annas GJ, eds., Health and Human Rights: A Reader New York: Routledge. 1999:11–18.

Mann JM, Gruskin S, Grodin MA and Annas GJ, eds., Health and Human Rights: A Reader New York: Routledge, 1999:7.

Marks SP. Jonathan Mann’s legacy to the 21st century: The human rights imperative for public health. JLME suppl 29.
2000:131–138.

Ligon-Borden L. Biography: Dr. Jonathan Mann: champion for human rights in the fight against AIDS Seminars in Pediatric
Infectious Diseases. Pediatric HIV Infections in the HAART Era. 2003. 14(4):314-22.

Campbell C. Prostitution, AIDS, and preventive health behavior. Sm Sci Med. 1991. 32(12):1367-78.

Institute of Medicine. Future of public health. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1988:1-7.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights. JAMA. 1998. 280(5):469-70.

 Describe the theory in
your own words
 Makes more sense than Masslow

 Focus is broad
 grounded theory
 Human rights trumps all
What phenomenon of concern does it address?
Mann’s theory provides ranking and prioritization of the real needs of
populations

The Four-Step Impact Assessment:

1. Does the proposed policy or program represent “good public health”?

2. Is the proposed policy or program respectful & protective of human

rights?

3. How can we achieve the best possible combination of public health and
human rights quality?
-How serious is the public health problem?
-Is the proposed response likely to be effective?

4. Finally, does the proposed policy or program (as revised) still appear to
be the optimal approach to the public health problem?