SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

NUR HAFIZA BINTI JUNI NOR HASIMA BT ABD AZIZ INA IDAYU BT AHMAD NUR ADILA FATEEN BT NGAH NUR AIN SYUHADA BT JOHARI
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Small Groups:

Have A Limited Number Of Members 3 To 12 Have A Specific Purpose For Meeting

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Problem-solving Small Group

Formed To Solve A Particular Problem Involves Many Skills Similar To Those In Public Speaking

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

To Be Productive, A Small Group Needs Effective Leadership

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Kinds Of Leadership

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

No

Specific Leader

Any Member Of The Group Can Provide Leadership At Times, Every Member Of The Group Will Fulfill Leadership Roles
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Implied

Leader

Might Have Highest Rank In The Group May Have Most Experience & Expertise On The Topic
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Emergent

Leader

People Who, By Personality Or Ability, Assume Leadership Roles Ideally, Will Help The Group Achieve Its Objectives

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Designated Leader
Assigned Or Elected Formal Committees Normally Have A Designated Leader As Chairperson

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

3 Kinds Of Leadership Needs

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Procedural

Needs

Housekeeping

Needs Of The Group

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Procedural Needs

Include: Organizing Meetings, Setting Agendas, Taking Notes, Preparing Handouts, Etc. Handled By A Designated Leader Or Designated To A Number Of Group Members
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Task

Needs

Substantive

Actions That Help The Group Complete Its Project

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Task

Needs

Include:

Analyzing Issues Facing The Group, Collecting Information, Keeping The Group On Task, Helping The Group Reach Consensus, Etc. If These Needs Are Not Met, The Group Will Not Be Successful
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Maintenance Needs

Include: Creating A Supportive Environment, Managing Conflict Among Group Members, Helping Group Members Feel Good About Accomplishments, Etc.
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Five Responsibilities Of Group Membership

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Commit Yourself To The Goals Of The Group

Align

Personal Goals With Group Goals Hidden Agendas Can Be Extremely Damaging To Group Progress

Hidden Agenda A set of unstated individual goals that may conflict with the goals of the group as a whole.
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Fulfill Individual Assignments

One

Advantage Of Working In A Group Is Division Of Labor Group Effectiveness Depends Upon Individuals Fulfilling Specific Assignments
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

No

Matter What Other Assignments Each Member Has, The Most Vital Is Listening

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Effective

Listening Prevents Confusion Effective Listening Allows Each Group Member To Evaluate The Ideas Of Other Group Members Effective Listening Establishes A Positive Climate For Discussion
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Avoid Interpersonal Conflicts

Personal

Disagreements Decrease Group Effectiveness Disagreements Within A Group Should Be Kept On Task Level, Rather Than On A Personal Level
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Encourage Full Participation In The Group

Listen

Attentively To Other Group Members Invite Quiet Members To Speak Offer Supportive Comments To Other Members
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Keep The Groups Discussion On Track

Make

Sure The Discussion Is Proceeding In An Orderly Fashion From One Issue To Another Make Sure The Group Does Not Make Hasty Or Ill - Considered Decisions
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

The ReflectiveThinking Method

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

An

Effective 5 - Step Method For Organizing Discussion In Problem - Solving Small Groups

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Define The Problem

Phrase It As A Question Of Policy

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

4 Guidelines:
Make The Question As Clear & Specific As Possible Allow For A Wide Variety Of Answers Avoid Biased Or Slanted Questions Pose Only A Single Question
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Make the Question Clear and Specific

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Ineffective: What should be done about fraudulent? More Effective: What should the federal government do to control the activities of fraudulent financial institutions?

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Analyze The Problem

Pay

Special Attention To 2 Questions: How Severe Is The Problem? What Are The Causes Of The Problem?
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Establish Criteria For The Solution

A

Vital Means For The Group To Judge The Appropriateness And Practicality Of Potential Solutions
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Generate Potential Solutions

Goal:

To Come Up With The Widest Range Of Solutions Create A Master List Of All Potential Solutions
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Select The Best Solution

Assess

Each Potential Solution In Light Of The Established Criteria

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Select The Best Solution

Try

To Reach Consensus Consensus Decisions Usually Result In Superior Decisions And Increased Unity Within The Group
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Presenting The Recommendations Of The Group

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Written

Report A paper presenting the findings, conclusions, decisions, etc. of a small group.
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Oral Report
Much

SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

The Same Content Wise To The Written Report Delivered By One Member Of The Group Should Be Approached Like Any Other Speech
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Symposium
Consists

Of A Moderator And Several Speakers Seated In Front Of An Audience

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Symposium
Moderator

Introduces The Topic And The Speakers Each Speaker Delivers A Prepared Speech On One Aspect Of The Topic
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Symposium
Should

Be Carefully Prepared To Cover All Important Aspects Of The Groups Project

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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Panel

Discussion

Essentially

A Conversation In Front Of An Audience Moderator Introduces The Panelists An Keeps The Discussion On Track
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SPEAKING IN SMALL GROUPS

Panel

Discussion

Panelists

Speak Briefly, Informally, & Impromptu Requires Serious Preparation Study Topic Map Out Ideas Establish Agenda For Discussion
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The End

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