Image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as a photograph or video frame;

the output of image processing may be either an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image.

 Importing the image with some sort of optical scanner or by digital photography. Then we analyze and manipulate the image which include data compression,data enhancement and spotting pattern. Last step is the result which is an altered image or some report done on the image analysis.

 improving the visual appearance of images to a human viewer. preparing images for measurement of the features and structures present.

Visualization Image sharpening and restoration Image retrieval Measurement of pattern Image recognition

Sampling means measuring the value of an image at finite number of points. Quantization is the representation of the measured values at the sampled points by an integer.

original image

sampled by a factor of 2

sampled by a factor of 4

sampled by a factor of 8

256 gray levels (8bits/pixel)

32 gray levels (5 bits/pixel)

16 gray levels (4 bits/pixel)

8 gray levels (3 bits/pixel)

4 gray levels (2 bits/pixel)

2 gray levels (1 bit/pixel)

It refers to accentuation, or sharpening, of image features such as boundaries, or contrast to make a graphic display more useful for display & analysis. This process does not increase the inherent information content in data. It includes gray level & contrast manipulation, noise reduction, edge crispening and sharpening, filtering, interpolation and magnification, pseudo coloring, and so on

It is concerned with filtering the observed image to minimize the effect of degradations. Effectiveness of image restoration depends on the extent and accuracy of the knowledge of degradation process as well as on filter design. Image restoration differs from image enhancement in that the latter is concerned with more extraction or accentuation of image features.

It is concerned with minimizing the no of bits required to represent an image. Application of compression are in broadcast TV, remote sensing via satellite, military communication via aircraft, radar, teleconferencing, facsimile transmission, for educational & business documents , medical images that arise in computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and digital radiology, motion , pictures ,satellite images, weather maps, geological surveys and so on.

1.Computer vision 2. Face Detection 3.Medical imaging 4. Microscope image processing 5. Raster Operation

 CVIP tools (Computer Vision and Image Processing tools) Intel Open Computer Vision Library Microsoft Vision SDL Library Matlab Khoros

In electrical engineering and computer science, image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as photographs or frames of video; the output of image processing can be either an image or a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. Most image-processing techniques involve treating the image as a two-dimensional signal and applying standard signalprocessing techniques to it.

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