Section 15.

Electrical energy and voltage

• Electrical energy transformation

• Voltage

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 44)

Electrical energy transformation

Dry cells supplies electrical energy
→ "push" electric charges through circuit

electrons

Go to

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 44)

Electrical energy transformation

Different types of batteries

car battery

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 44)

Voltage

Voltage Energy converted into other forms CAL

between two points Workshop 2
=
Charge through the points Voltage

E
V=
Q
voltage (V)

Unit: volt (V)

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 45)

Measuring voltage

Voltage can be measured by

voltmeter millivoltmeter

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 45)

Measuring voltage

To measure the voltage

connect
in parallel

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 45)

Measuring voltage

Multimeter
can measure:
• voltage
• current
• resistance

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 To section 15.3

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 43)

Activity 1
Lemon voltaic cell
Let’s start:

1. Insert a zinc plate and a copper plate

into a lemon.

2. Connect a light bulb to

the two metal plates
with connecting wires.

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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 43)

Activity 1 (Cont)
Lemon voltaic cell

3. What happens to the light bulb? Explain

briefly. (Hint: Chemical reactions occur
between the metal plates and the lemon
Ans
juice.)
wer
The light bulb is lit. Since chemical reactions
occur between the plates and the lemon juice, a
voltage is set up in the closed circuit.
Therefore an electric current flows through the
plates, lemon and light bulb.
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15.2 Electrical energy and voltage (SB p. 43)

Activity 1 (Cont)
Lemon voltaic cell

4. What is the function of the

above lemon voltaic cell? Ans
It supplies electrical energy to the wer
light bulb.
5. Suggest a method to measure the
voltage of the lemon voltaic cell.
Ans
Connect a voltmeter across the cell. wer
6. If you use the other fruit or vegetable,
e.g., an apple, a banana and a potato to
replace the lemon, do you have the
same result? Return to

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