Example:

A heavy lubricating oil ( = 0.8 N.s/m2 , k = 0.15 W/m. K) flows in the clearance between a shaft and its bearing. If the bearing and the shaft are kept at 10C and 30C respectively and the clearance between them is 2mm,determine the maximum temperature rise and the heat flux to the plates for a velocity U = 6 m/s.

Sol:
q(0) at the bearing
; 2 = - (TL T0 2 0.8 36 0.15 =3 2210 2103 2
2

(30 -10)

= -7200 -1500 =-8.7 kW/2 - (TL T0 ) = 7200 1500 =5.7 kW/2

And q(L) at the shaft =

the maximum temperature in the oil will occur where =0

2 1 2

[ ;

2 2

(TL T ) 0 ]+ =0

or ymax = =

[ 2

(TL T0 ) + ] . L 10 ) + 1 ] . L = 0.604 L 2

1 2

0.15 [ (30 0.836

Substituting this value of ymax in the expression for T Tmax = T0 + =

2 0.604 2

;(

0.604 2

) ]+(TL

0.604 T0 )(

0.8 10+ *36[0.604=0.365]+(30-10)(0.604) 20.15

= 10+22.944+12.8 = 45.02C

Example :
Air at 20 is flowing along a heated flat plate at 134 at a velocity of 3 m/s. the plate is 2m long and 1.5m wide. Calculate the thickness of the hydrodynamic boundary layer and the skin friction coefficient at 40 cm from the leading edge of the plate. The kinematic viscosity of air at 20 may be taken as 15.06 x 10;6 m2 /s.

Sol:
(3)(0.4) At = 40 ; = = 15.06 106

= 7.9 X 104 < 5 X 105 So the boundary layer is laminar, its thickness is calculated from =
5

(5)(0.4) (7.9 104)

= 0.71 X 10;2 m

= 7.1 mm The local skin friction coefficient is given by: =

0.664

0.664 (7.9 104 )

= 2.36 X 10;3

Example:

For the flow system in ex.7.1 calculate the local heat transfer coefficient at x= 0.4m and the heat transferred from the first 40 cm of the plate.

Sol:
The film temperature, Tf =
134:20 2

= 77

The physical properties of air at 77 are = 0.998 /3 , = 1.009 kJ/kg , = 20.76 X 10;6 2 = 0.03 /, = 0.697, = 0.4 R =
.

(3)(0.4) 20.76 106

= 5.78 X104

N =
=

= (0.332)(5.78 X 104 )1/2 (0.697)1/3 = 70.6

(70.6)(0.03) 0.4

= 0.332 R 1/2 P1/3

= 5.3 W/m2K

The average value of heat transfer coefficient is twice this value of =(2)(5.3) = 10.6 W/m2K The heat flow is = A( - ) = (10.6)(0.4)(1.5)(134-20) =725 W The heat flow from the both sides of the plate =(2)(725) = 1450 W