Degrees of Freedom

Any component that is unconstrained in space has six degrees of freedom.

Translation movement along X, Y, and Z axis (three degrees of freedom) Rotation rotate about X, Y, and Z axis (three degrees of freedom)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
A mechanism is a mechanical portion of a machine that is responsible for transferring motion, force, and torque from an input source to an output source. A mechanism consists of linkages and joints. Links are considered rigid parts. Joints are movable connections between links and allow relative motion between links.

The Revolute joint (pin or hinge joint) - one degree of freedom

It allows pure rotation between the two links that it connects (R joints)

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
The Sliding joint (prism or piston joint) - one degree of freedom
It allows linear sliding between the two links that it connects (P joint)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
The Helical joint (helix or screw joint) - one degree of freedom
The sliding and rotational motions are related by the helix angle of the thread (H joint)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
The Cylindrical (cylindric) joint - two degrees of freedom
It permits both angular rotation and an independent sliding motion (C joint)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
The Spherical (spheric) - Three degree of freedom
It permits rotational motion about all three axes, a ball-and-socket joint (S joint)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Joints
The Planar (flat) - Three degree of freedom
It permits rotational motion about the Z axes axis and sliding motion in x and y axes (F joint), used seldom in design

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical Engineering Dept.

A cam joint allows both rotation and sliding between two links.

Joints

A gear connection also allows both rotation and sliding as the gear teeth mesh

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Motion Analysis
In general, there are two types of motion analysis that should be performed to check the design.

Kinematics: deals with the study of motion without regard

for the forces that cause the motion. The analysis provides information about the position, velocity and acceleration of all links.

Kinetics: deals with the action of forces on the

mechanism. It provides information about the forces at the joints and the required input torque.

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Motion Analysis
The process of analyzing the motion of a mechanism.

Geometric modeling of all parts and creating an assembly model of the mechanism with proper mates.
Generate the motion model:
Define ground (fixed) components Define moving components Define joints and connections Specify driver(s) component Specify loads; external loads, body force

(gravitational)

Perform motion analysis

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Motion Analysis
Results visualization (post-processing)
Graphs study the position, velocity, and

acceleration of any link or any point on a given link

Animation check the overall motion and

interference
Prepare reports graphs and charts Query results at specific locations for a given time AVI and VRML convert the motion to an AVI or

export animations to VRML format for distribution on the Internet

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis
Tools Add-Ins and check SolidWorks Motion or COSMOSMotion

2008

2009/10

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis
Animation option creates simple animations based on point to point motion of parts in assemblies. Motor could also be used. Basic Motion option approximates the effects of Motors, Springs, Collision and Gravity on assembly. This is a physics based simulation

Select Motion Study 1

Motion Analysis combines motion study elements with mates in motion. It also calculates loads that can be used in finite element analysis.
Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis - Toolbar

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis - Toolbar

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis - Toolbar

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis - Toolbar

No Filter, shows all items Filter Selected, shows only the selected items

Filter Results, shows only simulated result items

Filter Animated, shows only the moving items

Filter Driving, shows only the items that cause motion

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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7 in

9 in 2 in

ground

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motor Selection
Select Motor type

Choose the driver, Motion type and specify speed

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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4-Bar in motion

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Results of Motion Analysis 4 Steps

1. Select a category 2. Select a sub-category

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Results of Motion Analysis

3. Select a result component

4. Select a component, 9 in. bar. You can also select a face, an edge, a vertex, or a mate

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Results of Motion Analysis

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Results of Motion Analysis

Plotting the angular velocity of the 9 in. link against the angular displacement of the 2 in. link (input)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Force Analysis
Force

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Path Analysis

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Disable Orientation and Camera Views

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion Analysis Slider Crank Mechanism

Slider-Crank components, each made in separate files. Slider (piston)

Bearing

Crank

Connecting rod Pin

Assembled Slider-Crank Mechanism

The first three mates assemble the crank to the fixed bearing and the Right plane The next two mates assemble the rod to the crank

The next two mates assemble the piston to the pin, allowing the piston to rotate about the pin

The last mate eliminates rotation and allows only translation between ground (Top plane) and the piston

Animation Wizard
Create simple animations automatically: rotate model about any axis, Explode and collapse model

Animation Wizard

Explode

Collapse
Rotation

Animation Wizard

Fixing or Floating Components in Assembly

f stands for fixed component

Right click the component to change it from fixed to float

- stands for moving component

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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2 in link is fixed and 7 in link is the driver

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Hinge Mate

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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COSMOSMotion Joints, 2007/8 SW

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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COSMOSMotion
Straight line mechanism

Each rod drawn in a separate file and assembled using various mates. All connections are pin joints (Revolute).
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Straight line mechanism

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Ken Youssefi

Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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COSMOSMotion - IntelliMotion
At the top of the FeatureManager, select the Motion tab Select IntelliMotion option

Set units

Select force and time units, mass and length will be set automatically according to your selections

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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COSMOSMotion IntelliMotion (gravity)

Specify the magnitude and direction in which gravity acts

This means that a vector of 0,-1, 0 defines the direction

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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IntelliMotion Moving and Ground Components

Select and drag over

Designate the moving and fixed components

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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IntelliMotion Joints
Mates specified during assembly will be displayed. You can add or modify joint type. Linear or torsion spring can be included

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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IntelliMotion Motion

Select input motion type

Select the driver joint

Specify velocity Select the velocity value function

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IntelliMotion Simulation
Select duration and the number of frames.

Start the simulation

Warning motion not completed due to mechanism discontinuity

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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IntelliMotion Animation

Check for interference

Create and save the animation in the AVI format

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis
Linear velocity of any point could be graphed
Path of any point on the mechanism could be traced

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis - Velocity

Select component and a point on the component to measure velocity

Display the graph

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis Position of Components

An angular displacement between any two components could be plotted.

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis Select Motor

Rotary Motor

Linear Motor

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis Apply Forces

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis XY plots

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis NX5

Select Motion Simulation module Type of joints

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis NX5

First select the Solution and then the Solve option

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis NX5

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Motion analysis NX5

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Potato cutter (french fries)

Main body

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Chrome handle

Plastic handle

Side bar
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Red slider
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Cutting blade

Pusher

Chrome back plate Clamp

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After creating assembly model, select Motion Simulation module from the Start menu

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Select Driver Type

Assign a driver, right click on joint j006 and select Edit

Select Constant and specify velocity (deg/sec)

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After assigning the driver, select Solution and then select Solve

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Select Animation

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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Interference Check
Select 2nd body

Select Type of detection

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

Select 1st body

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Check Interference and Pause on Event

Just before interference

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Motion analysis NX5 (example)

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Mechanical Engineering Dept.

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