WRITER VERIFICATION USING AUTOREGRESSIVE METHOD

PRESENTED BY CHAITALI GHODKE (B80343034) SNEHAL JADHAV (B80343048) POONAM JAVALKAR(B80343051)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF.SL.KORE

FLOW OF SEMINAR
INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION AIM OBJECTIVE SPECIFICATIONS BLOCK DIAGRAM BLOCK DIAGRAM DSCRIPTION VERIFICATION RESULT ADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION FUTURE SCOPE REFRENCES

INTRODUCTION TO BIOMETRICS
Handwriting

is considered an important area

of interest
Biometric

verification: comparing the biometric templates : conforming or denying a persons claimed identity

CLASSIFICATION OF BIOMETRICS

BIOMETRIC MODALITIES

PHYSIOLOGIC AL BIOMETRICS

BEHAVIOURAL BIOMETRICS

Fingerprint,face,iris ,retinal blood vessels,geometry, DNA

Voice,gait,keystroke, dynamics,signature, handwriting

BEHAVIORAL BIOMETRICS

WRITER IDENTIFICATION

WRITER VERIFICATION

One-to-many

One-to-one

TEXT-DEPENDENT Vs TEXTINDEPENDENT
WRITER IDENTIFICATION & VERIFICATION

TEXTDEPENDENT

TEXTINDEPENDENT

Requires prior localization & segmentation of relevant information

Use statistical features extracted from the entire image of the text block

OFF-LINE Vs ON-LINE HANDWRITING CONSIDERING NATURAL HANDWRITING METHOD

WRITER VERIFICATION

WRITING METHODS PROPOSED

DATA CONVERSION TO DIGITAL FORM

NATURAL HANDWRITING

ON-LINE HANDWRITING

OFF-LINE HANDWRITING

AIM:
Design an automatic writer verification system 2D Autoregressive method Comparing two scanned handwriting samples Automatic decision whether the input samples were written by same writer

OBJECTIVE:
Finding Auto-regressive coefficients using a feature vector. Finding 2D AR model. Make writer verification task easy. Writer verification using Euclidean Distance method. Performance comparison of above features on IAM database

SPECIFICATIONS:
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS: Script analyzed :English Input Image :PNG Image Method Used :Autoregressive method

LANGUAGE USED: Matlab (version:7.10)

HARDWARE PLATFORM COMPUTER: MS Windows 95/98/2000/XP/7/8 or Windows NT 4.0

BLOCK DIAGRAM

BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

IMAGE ACQUISTION:

8-bit grayscale image

Resolution 300dpi

Scanned images of handwriting

PRE-PROCESSING:

Gray to binary & inversion

Thresholding operation

 FEATURE EXTRACTION: Represented as feature vector Features are extracted using AR coefficients

y=X.

10*10 input matrix

Skip 4 rows and 6 columns for obtaining centre pixel

Consider only neighborhood 34 pixels of centre pixel

Next pixel and its 34 neighborhood pixels

 VERIFICATION:
Various distance measurement methods The Euclidean distance between the sample and any of the N samples of the reference database is computed as follows:

The ERR is calculated by finding the False Rejection Rate(FRR) & False Acceptance Rate (FAR) EER(%)=FAR+FRR

VERIFICATION RESULT:
No. of Writers = 10 No. of Samples used for Training = 10 No. of Samples used for Testing = 9
No. of trained writers 10 No. of test samples 9 Percent FAR(%) Percent FRR(%) Average Error Rate(%) 16.06 Percent Verification Rate(%) 67.89

27.44

4.67

ADVANTAGES:
Better results with higher order coefficients Useful for multiscript environment Euclidean distance method used is easy for comparison

Higher order models are used for dynamic texture recognition

Linear set of equations are used for solving AR models.

APPLICATIONS:
Spectral analysis

Biomedical signal processing

Fault prediction in various systems

Can be used for Linear as well as Non-linear Machine Classifiers

CONCLUSION:
Presented a method of writer verification
Based on finding the feature vectors of a handwritten image Extracting a set of AR coefficients

Proposed method is simple to compute, very effective, gives promising results for writer verification Implementation using IAM Database

FUTURE SCOPE:
Multiscript environment
Cosine distance can be used Finding right context pattern for maximizing accuracy Rejection criteria can be found

REFERENCES:
[1]Statistical Pattern Recognition for Automatic Writer Identification and Verification (Thesis),Marius Lucian Bulacu

[2]A Survey on Writer Identification Schemes, Sreeraj.M, Sumam Mary Idicula, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887), Volume 26 No.2, July 2011 [3]On-Line and Off-Line Handwriting Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey, Rejean Plamondon and Sargur N. Srihari ,IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Volume 22-No.1,January 2000
[4]The transformation of 1D and 2D autoregressive random fields under coordinate scaling and rotation, By Ian Douglas Kennedy

[5]Two-dimensional Auto-regressive model for analysis and synthesis of Gray-level textures, By Koichiro Deguchi [6]The electroencephalogram and the adaptive autoregressive model: theory and applications, By Alois Schlgl Graz, January 2000 [7]Higher-order Autoregressive Models for Dynamic Textures, By Midori Hyndman, Allan Jepson, David Fleet, Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto mhyndman, jepson, fleet@cs.toronto.edu [8]Off-line multi-script writer identification using AR coefficient. Garain.U; Paquet.T; document analysis and recognition, 2009.ICDAR09 10th international conference on digital object identifier 10.1109/ICDAR. 2009.222 publication year: 2009; page(s):991-995