FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF CASCODE CMOS AMPLIFIER

PROJECT MINOR

SUBMITTED BY

TOPICS
1. Abstract 2. Cascode design 3. Tanner tool 4. Step for tanner tool 5. S-Edit design 6. Frequency

ABSTRACT
To achieve higher input-output isolation, higher input impedance, high output impedance, higher gain or higher bandwidth in an amplifier, the cascode amplifier is used. As in the rise of integrated circuits, transistors have become cheap in terms of silicon die area. In MOSFET technology especially, cascoding can be used in current mirrors to increase the output impedance of the output current source.

Using tanner EDA tool, we design a Cascode amplifier and analyzed the frequency response over the normal single stage amplifier

CASCODE
The cascode is a two-stage amplifier composed of a transconductance amplifier followed by a current buffer. Compared to a single amplifier stage, this combination may have one or more of the following characteristics: higher input-output isolation, higher input impedance, high output impedance, higher gain or higher bandwidth. In modern circuits, the cascode is often constructed from two transistors (BJTs or FETs), with one operating as a common emitter or common source and the other as a common base or common gate. The cascode improves inputoutput isolation (or reverse transmission) as there is no direct coupling from the output to input. This eliminates the Miller effect and thus contributes to a much higher bandwidth.

TANNER TOOL WORKING

ES154 - LECTURE 13

STEPS FOR TANNER TOOL

1. Design the schematic in S-EDIT. 2. Simulate the schematic to make sure it behaves as you expect using TSPICE. 3. Layout the schematic in L-EDIT. 4. Perform an LVS (Layout VS Schematic) to make sure your layout is functionally the same as the schematic you designed in S-EDIT.

5. Simulate the layout using T-SPICE with a high-level spice model, making sure L-EDIT generates the parasitic capacitances so they are included in the simulation

STEPS OF L-EDIT
Run L-Edit

Create new Layout file File > New

Setup > Design, the relationship between Lambda and Microns is shown.

S-EDIT DESIGN

T-SPICE CODE
.lib "C:\Users\hcl lapi\Documents\Tanner EDA\Models\Generic_025.lib" TT RRdd Vdd Out R=10k MM1 Out N_2 N_1 N_1 NMOS W=2.5u L=250n AS=2.25p PS=6.8u AD=2.25p PD=6.8u MM2 N_1 N_3 Gnd Gnd NMOS W=2.5u L=250n AS=2.25p PS=6.8u AD=2.25p PD=6.8u VVoltageSource_3 Vdd Gnd DC 5 VVoltageSource_1 N_2 Gnd DC 1 VVoltageSource_2 N_4 Gnd DC 600m VVoltageSource_4 N_3 N_4 DC 0 AC 1 0

FREQUENCY RESPONSE

REFERENCES
1. Cascode Amplifiers and Cascode Current Mirrors , Sedra & Smith 2. Design of Folded Cascode Operational Amplifier with Power Optimization using Geometric Programming, Amol W. Pardhi and Dr. A. Y. Deshmukh 3. A Low Noise Cascode Amplifier, Steven R. Jefferts 4. Miller Effect, Cascode BJT Amplifier, Kenneth R. Laker 5. Design Procedures for a Fully Differential Folded-Cascode CMOS, Operational Amplifier, SUDHIR M. MALLYA, MEMRER,IEEE,AND JOSEPH H. NEVIN, 6. An Enhanced Bulk-Driven Folded-Cascode Amplifier in 0.18 m CMOS Technology , Arash Ahmadpour1,2, Pooya Torkzadeh2 7. Operational Amplifiers , Ching-Yuan Yang