Solving Solving Absolute-Value Absolute-Value 2-8 2-8 Equations Equations and and Inequalities Inequalities

Warm Up

Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz

Holt Holt Algebra Algebra 2 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Warm Up
Solve. 1. y + 7 < 11 2. 4m 12 3. 5 2x 17

y < 18
m 3 x 6

Use interval notation to indicate the graphed numbers. 4. 5.

Holt Algebra 2

(-2, 3] (-, 1]

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Objectives
Solve compound inequalities.
Write and solve absolute-value equations and inequalities.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Vocabulary
disjunction conjunction absolute-value

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

A compound statement is made up of more than one equation or inequality. A disjunction is a compound statement that uses the word or.

Disjunction: x 3 OR x > 2 Set builder notation: {x|x 3 U x > 2} A disjunction is true if and only if at least one of its parts is true.
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

A conjunction is a compound statement that uses the word and.

A conjunction is true if and only if all of its parts are true. Conjunctions can be written as a single statement as shown. x 3 and x< 2 3 x < 2
Holt Algebra 2

Conjunction: x 3 AND x < 2 Set builder notation: {x|x 3

x < 2}.

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Reading Math Dis- means apart. Disjunctions have two separate pieces. Con- means together Conjunctions represent one piece.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 1A: Solving Compound Inequalities Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. 6y < 24 OR y +5 3 Solve both inequalities for y.

6y < 24 y + 5 3 or y < 4 y 2 The solution set is all points that satisfy {y|y < 4 or y 2}.
6 5 4 3 2 1
Holt Algebra 2

(, 4) U [2, )

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 1B: Solving Compound Inequalities Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set.

Solve both inequalities for c. and 2c + 1 < 1

c 4 c<0 The solution set is the set of points that satisfy both c 4 and c < 0. [4, 0)
6 5 4 3 2 1
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 1C: Solving Compound Inequalities Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. x 5 < 2 OR 2x 10 Solve both inequalities for x. x 5 < 2 or 2x 10

x<3 x5 The solution set is the set of all points that satisfy {x|x < 3 or x 5}.
3 2 1
Holt Algebra 2

(, 3) U [5, )

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 1a

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. x 2 < 1 OR 5x 30

Solve both inequalities for x.

x2<1
or

x<3 The solution set is all points that satisfy {x|x < 3 U x 6}.
1
Holt Algebra 2

5x 30 x6

(, 3) U [6, )

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 1b

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. 2x 6 AND x > 4 Solve both inequalities for x.

2x 6
x 3

and

x > 4
x<4

The solution set is the set of points that satisfy both {x|x 3 x < 4}. U
[3, 4)
1 2 3 4 5

4 3 2 1 0
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 1c

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. x 5 < 12 OR 6x 12 Solve both inequalities for x.

x 5 < 12
x < 17

or

6x 12
x2

Because every point that satisfies x < 2 also satisfies x < 2, the solution set is {x|x < 17}. (-, 17)
2
Holt Algebra 2

10 12 14 16 18 20

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 1d

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. 3x < 12 AND x + 4 12 Solve both inequalities for x. 3x < 12 x < 4 and x + 4 12 x8

The solution set is the set of points that satisfy both {x|4 < x 8}.
(4, 8]
2
Holt Algebra 2

9 10 11

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Recall that the absolute value of a number x, written |x|, is the distance from x to zero on the number line. Because absolute value represents distance without regard to direction, the absolute value of any real number is nonnegative.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Absolute-value equations and inequalities can be represented by compound statements. Consider the equation |x| = 3. The solutions of |x| = 3 are the two points that are 3 units from zero. The solution is a disjunction: x = 3 or x = 3.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

The solutions of |x| < 3 are the points that are less than 3 units from zero. The solution is a conjunction: 3 < x < 3.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

The solutions of |x| > 3 are the points that are more than 3 units from zero. The solution is a disjunction: x < 3 or x > 3.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Helpful Hint Think: Greator inequalities involving > or symbols are disjunctions.
Think: Less thand inequalities involving < or symbols are conjunctions.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Note: The symbol can replace <, and the rules still apply. The symbol can replace >, and the rules still apply.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 2A: Solving Absolute-Value Equations

Solve the equation.

|3 + k| = 10 This can be read as the distance from k to 3 is 10. Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction. Add 3 to both sides of each equation.

3 + k = 10 or 3 + k = 10

k = 13 or k = 7

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 2B: Solving Absolute-Value Equations

Solve the equation.

Isolate the absolute-value expression.

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction. x = 16 or x = 16
Holt Algebra 2

Multiply both sides of each equation by 4.

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 2a

Solve the equation.

|x + 9| = 13 This can be read as the distance from x to +9 is 4.

x + 9 = 13 or x + 9 = 13

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction.

Subtract 9 from both sides of each equation.

x=4

or

x = 22

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 2b

Solve the equation.

|6x| 8 = 22

|6x| = 30 6x = 30 or 6x = 30 x=5 or x = 5

Isolate the absolutevalue expression.

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction. Divide both sides of each equation by 6.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

You can solve absolute-value inequalities using the same methods that are used to solve an absolute-value equation.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 3A: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities with Disjunctions

Solve the inequality. Then graph the solution.

|4q + 2| 10 4q + 2 10 or 4q + 2 10 4q 8 q 2 or 4q 12 or q 3 Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction. Subtract 2 from both sides of each inequality.

Divide both sides of each inequality by 4 and reverse the inequality symbols.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 3A Continued

{q|q 2 or q 3}
(, 2] U [3, )
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

To check, you can test a point in each of the three region. |4(3) + 2| 10 |14| 10
Holt Algebra 2

|4(0) + 2| 10
|2| 10 x

|4(4) + 2| 10 |14| 10

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 3B: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities with Disjunctions

Solve the inequality. Then graph the solution. |0.5r| 3 3 |0.5r| 0 Isolate the absolute value as a disjunction.

0.5r 0 or 0.5r 0

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction.

Divide both sides of each r 0 or r 0 inequality by 0.5. The solution is all real numbers, R. (, )
3 2 1
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 3a

Solve the inequality. Then graph the solution.

|4x 8| > 12

4x 8 > 12 or 4x 8 < 12
4x > 20 or 4x < 4

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction. Add 8 to both sides of each inequality. Divide both sides of each inequality by 4.

x>5
Holt Algebra 2

or

x < 1

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 3a Continued

{x|x < 1 or x > 5} (, 1) U (5, )

3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

To check, you can test a point in each of the three region. |4(2) + 8| > 12 |4(0) + 8| > 12 |8| > 12 x |4(6) + 8| > 12

|16| > 12
Holt Algebra 2

|32| > 12

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 3b Solve the inequality. Then graph the solution. |3x| + 36 > 12
|3x| > 24 3x > 24 or x > 8 or 3x < 24 x<8 Isolate the absolute value as a disjunction.

Rewrite the absolute value as a disjunction.

Divide both sides of each inequality by 3.

The solution is all real numbers, R. (, )

3 2 1
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 4A: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities with Conjunctions Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set.

|2x +7| 3
2x + 7 3 and 2x + 7 3

Multiply both sides by 3.

Rewrite the absolute value as a conjunction.

2x 4 and
x 2 and
Holt Algebra 2

2x 10
x 5

Subtract 7 from both sides of each inequality.

Divide both sides of each inequality by 2.

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 4A Continued

The solution set is {x|5 x 2}.

6 5 3 2 1

3 4

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Example 4B: Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities with Conjunctions

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. Multiply both sides by 2, and reverse the inequality symbol. Rewrite the absolute value as a conjunction. Add 2 to both sides of each inequality.

|p 2| 6
|p 2| 6 and p 2 6

p 4 and

p8

Because no real number satisfies both p 4 and p 8, there is no solution. The solution set is .
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 4a

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set.

|x 5| 8 x 5 8 and x 5 8 x 13 and x 3

Multiply both sides by 2. Rewrite the absolute value as a conjunction. Add 5 to both sides of each inequality.

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 4

The solution set is {x|3 x 13}.

10

10

15

20

25

Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Check It Out! Example 4b

Solve the compound inequality. Then graph the solution set. 2|x +5| > 10 |x + 5| < 5 x + 5 < 5 and x + 5 > 5 Divide both sides by 2, and reverse the inequality symbol. Rewrite the absolute value as a conjunction. Subtract 5 from both sides of each inequality.

x < 10 and x > 0

Because no real number satisfies both x < 10 and x > 0, there is no solution. The solution set is .
Holt Algebra 2

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Lesson Quiz: Part I

Solve. Then graph the solution. 1. y 4 6 or 2y >8

4 3 2 1 0 1

{y|y 2 or y > 4}
2 3 4 5

2. 7x < 21 and x + 7 6 {x|3 < x 1}

4 3 2 1 0

Solve each equation. 3. |2v + 5| = 9 2 or 7

Holt Algebra 2

4. |5b| 7 = 13 +4

2-8

Solving Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities

Lesson Quiz: Part II

Solve. Then graph the solution. 5. |1 2x| > 7 {x|x < 3 or x > 4}

4 3 2

1 0

6. |3k| + 11 > 8 R
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5

7. 2|u + 7| 16
Holt Algebra 2