VALUES

and ATTITUDES
in Organisations

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Key Variables Affecting Behavior

VALUES Motivation ATTITUDES Perception Personality Behavior

Ability

Learning

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Definition: VALUES

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Types of Values

Terminal Values Instrumental Values

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Dominant Work Values in Todays Workforce

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Why is knowing values of employees is important:

Foundation to know employees attitudes and motivation Affect employees perception and decision making

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Hofstedes Framework for Assessing values across cultures

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Following up with values in an organization

1. Communicate the Values Constantly

2. Enroll New Folk.

3. Revisit and Refresh the Values.

4. Confront Contradictory Behaviour.

5. Periodically Check out with Feedback.

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ATTITUDE
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Cognitive Component

Attitude

Affective Component

Behavioral Component
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Determinants of Work attitudes

Personality The enduring ways a person has of feeling, thinking and behaving

Work situation The work itself Coworkers, supervisors and subordinates Physical working conditions Working hours, pay and job security

Attitudes to work The collection of feelings, beliefs and predispositions to behave in ones job or organisation

Values Intrinsic work values Extrinsic work values

Social influence Coworkers Groups Culture

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Why Might Attitudes Matter at Work?

Because attitudes to work and/or employing organisation might affect: Whether a person seeks a new job How co-operative they are with others at work Whether they present a positive image of the organisation to clients or customers How they react to change How hard they work (motivation) Their psychological or physical health

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Attitudes: Organizational Effects

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The Theory of Cognitive Dissonance

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 Explains the linkage between attitudes and behavior.

Refers to any incompatibility that an individual might perceive between two or more of his/ her attitudes. The individual attempts to reduce the dissonance/ inconsistency of the balance between attitudes. Thus seeking a state where there is minimum dissonance.

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Work Values vs. Attitudes.

Values Nature of work itself Stable over a long time Determines choice of a job, career, happiness with a job, etc. Attitudes Current job or organization Moderately stable Determines absenteeism, turnover, organizational citizenship behaviors.

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