3 OMF810002 GSM Handover Algorithm ISSUE2.0

GSM Handover Algorithm
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword
Handover is a key technology of mobile communication system and make continued conversation possible.
Handover algorithm in Huawei product is flexible and powerful.
Page2
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Outline the types of handover Master handover judgment flow Understand algorithm of different handovers Explain HO data configuration
Page3
Contents
1. Introduction of Handover 2. HO Algorithm Process
Page4
Contents
Page5
Purposes of HO

To keep a continuous communication with a moving MS To improve network service performance
To reduce the call drop rate To reduce the congestion rate
Page6
Classification by Reason
1
Emergency HO Enhanced Dual Band HO Load HO
No DL MR Emergency HO Timing Advance (TA) HO Interference HO Rx_Level_Drop HO Bad Quality (BQ) HO
Classification by Reason 3
4
Normal HO
EDGE HO PBGT HO Layer HO MS Fast Moving HO Concentric Cell HO AMR HO
Page7
Classification by Synchronization
MSC
NSS Network
MSC
BSC BTS
CELL
BSC
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Case 5
Synchronous Handover: the target BTS shall not send PHY INFO message Asynchronous Handover: the target BTS shall send PHY INFO message
Page8
Classification by Equipment and Channel

Intra Cell HO ( HRFR)
Inter Cell HO
TCH TCH
Intra BSC HO Intra MSC HO Inter MSC HO
SDCCH SDCCH
SDCCH TCH (Direct Retry)
Page9
Contents
Page10
Contents
2. HO Algorithm Process
2.1 General HO Process 2.2 Measure and Measurement Result Report 2.3 Measurement Report Preprocessing 2.4 Handover Judgment 2.5 Handover Implementation
Page11
General HO Process
MS Goes into Dedicated Mode
Measure and Measurement Result Report
Measurement Report Preprocessing
Handover Judgment
Handover Implementation
MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode
Page12
General HO Process
Handover Judgment
Page13
Measurement Report

Uplink MR includes uplink receiving level and quality. Downlink MR includes downlink receiving level, downlink receiving quality of the serving cell and other downlink receiving levels from the neighbor cells.
The downlink MR The uplink MR
The downlink measurement report of the neighbor cell (BCCH)
Serving cell Neighbor cell
Page14
Measurement Report
Page15
Period of Measurement Report
The downlink MR is sent to BTS in SACCH uplink

The interval is 480ms/per time when MS is on TCH The interval is 470ms/per time when MS is on SDCCH
480ms
4 TCH Multiframes
12TCH
1SACCH
12TCH
1 Idle
Page16
General HO Process
Handover Judgment
Page17
MR Preprocessing
Interpolation
Filtering
Smooth the instantaneous
fading point
Recover the lost
measurement report
MR Preprocessing
Page18
MR Interpolation
MR MR MR
No. n+4
MR MR
No. n
Missing by some reasons
Page19
MR Filtering
MR MR
MR
MR
MR MR
Filter----Average several consecutive MRs
Page20
Data Configuration of MR Preprocessing
Page21
Page22
Page23
Page24
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
1 Measure and Measurement Result Report
Enhanced Dual Band HO Load HO Normal HO Edge HO MS Fast Moving HO
OM Forced HO Direct Retry
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
4 Handover Implementation
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page25
Penalty Processing
Punish on the target cell HO Fails
Emergency (TA&BQ)HO
AMR HO Fails
Punish on the original cell
Penalty
Concentric Cell HO
MS Fast Moving HO
Intra-cell HO
Punish on other high priority layer cells
Page26
Penalty for Handover Failure

Punish the target cell when a HO fails. This is to avoid the MS to select this cell again in next HO judgment.
Cell A
BTS
HO Fail
BTS
BSC
Cell B
Page27
Data Configuration of Penalty for Handover Failure
Page28
Data Configuration of Penalty for Handover Failure
Page29
Penalty for Emergency Handover
Punish the original cell when an emergency HO ( due to BQ and TA) occurs.
Cell A
BQ&TA HO
BTS
BSC
Cell B
Page30
Data Configuration of Penalty for Emergency Handover
Page31
Data Configuration of Penalty for Emergency Handover
Page32
Penalty for MS Fast-moving Handover
Giving penalty on the other three layers(Non-umbrella Layer ) after MS handovers to Umbrella cell by fast-moving-HO.
This is to keep MS staying in the umbrella cell and avoid frequent HO.
Back? No way!
Umbrella
Micro cell
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page33
Data Configuration of Penalty for MS Fast-moving Handover
Page34
Penalty for Concentric Cell
A new concentric cell HO is prohibited within a penalty time after a concentric cell HO failure. Do not attempt again after N failed HO(U->O)!
Overlaid Underlaid
Do not attempt again during penalty time after one failed HO(O->U)!
Page35
Data Configuration of Penalty for Concentric Cell
Page36
Penalty for Enhanced Concentric Cell
A new UO HO is prohibited within a penalty time after a OU HO is performed successfully.
Overlaid Underlaid Do not attempt back too fast!
Page37
Data Configuration of Penalty for Enhanced Concentric Cell
Page38
Penalty for Intra-cell HO
A new intra-cell HO is prohibited if it occurs too frequently.

Intra-cell HO Time
4th. 3rd. 2nd. 1st.
Penalty time
0 3 7 12 32 T (s)
Max. consecutive HO times: 3 Forbidden time after Max. times: 20s Interval for consecutive HO Jud: 6s
Page39
Data Configuration of Penalty for Intra-cell HO
Page40
Data Configuration of Penalty for AMR FRHR Handover Failure
Page41
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page42
Ranking Processing
Basic ranking
Network feature adjustment
M rule
K rule
16 bits ranking
The ranking result: target cell selection of handover
Page43
M Rule
Begin Yes
Finish to all neighbor cells?
End
No No
An BSC external neighboring cell& the current channel is SDCCH ?
Yes
Direct retry?
No
[Inter-BSC SDCCH HO Allowed] is Yes?
No
Delete the cell from the cell list?
Yes Yes
Yes
If the cell flow is overload ?
No
RX_LEV_DL(n) < [Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell](n)+ [Min Access Level Offset](s)?
Yes
Delete this cell from the cell list
No
For service cell: Min Access Level Offset=0
RX_LEV_UL(n) < [Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell](s)+ [Min Access Level Offset](s)?
Yes
No
M rule will remove the neighbor cells from the candidate cell list according to the flow.
Page44
Data Configuration of M Rule
Page45
Data Configuration of M Rule
Page46
K Rule
Flow of calculating K value.
Cell B Begin Yes End Cell A Cell F Serving Cell Cell E Cell C Cell D
Finish to calculate value K to all cells? No Yes Serving cell?
No
E
Receiving Level
K=0
K = RX_LEV (n) RX_LEV (s)
Serving Cell F
B
Cell
All the candidate cells are ranked in descending order according to the K value
Page47
Network Feature Adjustment
After network feature adjustment, all the candidate cells have their own 16 bits value.
The smaller the value is, the higher the handover priority and
position of the cell are in the candidate cell list, then it is possible to be the candidate cell.
Page48
The 1st~3rd bits
The bit value indicates the priority of downlink receiving level
according to the cell signal level and the penalty process taking place
beforehand.
The values come from max. 6 candidate cells and 1 serving cell according to the level ranges from 000~110. The value for the cell with the strongest signal level is 000.
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page49
The 4th bit: Inter-cell HO hysteresis bit.
Note: In PBGT HO, whichever the greater of the inter-cell ( of the
same layer ) hysteresis and PBGT threshold, that value will be used
in the PBGT HO.
Yes Is serving cell? No
Always set to 0
RX_LEV_DL (n) >= RX_LEV_DL (s) + [Inter-cell HO hysteresis]
Yes
Set to 0
No Set to1
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page50
Data Configuration of Inter-cell HO Hysteresis
Page51
The 5th~10th bits
The bit value is decided according to their position in Huawei hierarchical network structure.
Huawei cell layers can be divided into 4 layers and each layer can be further divided into 16 different priorities.
So there are 64 different priorities in Huawei hierarchical cell structure.
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page52
Hierarchical Cell Structure

Umbrella Cell GSM 900 Layer 4 low
GSM 900 GSM900 Cell
GSM 900
Layer 3
GSM1800 GSM1800 Cell
GSM1800
GSM1800
Layer 2
GSM900
GSM900 GSM1800
GSM900 GSM1800
GSM900 GSM1800
Micro Cell
GSM1800
Layer 1 high
Page53
Data Configuration of Cell Hierarchical Network Structure
Page54
The 11th bit: The bit value is decided by cell-load-sharing criterion.
This bit is affected by 14th bit.

System load>=[System Flux Threshold for Load HO] or [Load HO Allowed ] =No ? No Yes Is serving cell? No Yes 11th bit is turned off
No
Cell load >= [Load HO Threshold](s)?
cell load >=[ Load Rep. on Candidate Cell](n)?
No
Yes set to 0 set to 1
Yes set to 1 set to 0
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page55
Data Configuration of Cell-load-sharing
Page56
Data Configuration of Cell-load-sharing
Page57
12th bit and 13th bit: Whether share the same BSC or MSC.
Yes Is serving cell? Yes No
Both 12th and 13th set to 0 Yes
Is [Co-BSC/MSC Adj] yes? No
No
Turn off 12th &13th bit
Co-BSC? Yes
Co-MSC?
No
The same BSC: 12th set to 0 13th set to 0
Different BSC: 12th set to 1 13th set to 0
Different MSC: 12th set to 0 13th set to 1
See 14th bit
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page58
Data Configuration of Co-BSC&MSC
Page59
The 14th bit: Layer HO threshold adjustment bit.

Yes No
Is serving cell?
Yes
RX_LEV_DL >= [Inter-layer HO Threshold] [Inter-layer HO Hysteresis]?
RX_LEV_DL >= [Inter-layer HO Yes Threshold] + [Inter-layer HO Hysteresis]?
No set to 0
Bit 14th set to 1, and bit 5th ~13th are turned off
No set to 0
The 15th/16th bits are reserved

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page60
Data Configuration of Layer HO Threshold Adjustment
Page61
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page62
No DL MR HO
When the quality of Um interface become worse and worse, it is for the worse uplink quality that MS can not deliver downlink MR,
while the downlink quality is not bad enough for MS to receive the
downlink message normally.
Bad uplink quality
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
Page63
Position of No DL MR HO
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
OM Forced HO Direct Retry Emergency HO
MR. Preprocessing
No DL MR HO
3
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page64
No DL MR HO
Begin UL_Qua. (after filering) >=[No Dl Mr.Ul Qual HO Limit]? Yes Only one cadidate cell? No Is [No Dl Mr. HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes No Report 1 DL MR at lease? Yes No <=[Cons.No Dl Mr. Ho Allowed Limit]? Yes No >= signal quality filter length? Yes No No Dl Mr. in current Mr.? Yes End No No Yes
No
Is serving cell?
Yes [Intrecell HOAllowed]? Yes >=[Forbidden time after MAX Times]? Yes Trigger No DL Mr. HO
No
Select the candidate cell with the highest priority, exluding serving cell
signal quality filter length: For TCH:[Filter Length for TCH Qual] For SDCCH:[Filter Length for SDCCH Qual]
Page65
Data Configuration of No DL MR HO
Page66
TA(Time Advance) HO
Handover Triggering
TA(s)
TA(n)
Handover Triggering Zone

TA Threshold(s)
or
TA Threshold(n)
Time
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
Page67
TA(Time Advance) HO
Begin
No
Is [TA HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes The actual TA >= [TA Threshold]? Yes
Select the cell with the highest priority in the cadidate cell list
End
No
Is serving cell? No TA(n is in the same BTS) <=[TA Threshold](s)? No No Suitable cell exist? Yes Trigger TA handover
Yes
No
Yes
Any neighbour cell exist? Yes
Page68
Data Configuration of TA HO
Page69
Interference Handover
RX_Lev Handover Triggering Zone Lev_Thr
Qual_Thr
Rx_Qual
Interference Origin
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
Page70
Interference HO
Begin Select the cell with the highest priority in the cadidate cell list Yes End No UL or DL receiving No No Is [Interference HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes Is serving cell?
Quality(s)>=A?
Yes No Any neighbour cell exist? Yes No
[Intracell HO Allowed]
yes
& cell not punished?
Rx_Level(n)>= [Inter-layer HO Threshold](n) + [Inter-layer HO Hysteresis](n)?
No
Yes
Yes Any suitable cell exist? Yes Trigger interference handover
No
None AMR FR: A = RXQUALn, 1<=n<=12 AMR FR: A = RXQUAL1, n=1; A = RXQUALn + RXLEVoff,
2<=n<=12
Page71
Data Configuration of Interference HO

Default Value Receiving Level(-110dBm) Parameter RXQUAL1 RXQUAL2 RXQUAL3 RXQUAL4 RXQUAL5 RXQUAL6 RXQUAL7 RXQUAL8 RXQUAL9 <=30 =31 32~35 36~38 39~41 42~45 46~48 49~52 53~55 70 60 59 58 57 40 55 54 53 Receiving Quality
RXQUAL10
RXQUAL11 RXQUAL12
56~58
59~62 >=63
52
51 50
Page72
Data Configuration of Interference HO
Page73
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Page74
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Begin No
[Rx_Level_Drop HO Allowed] Yes ?

Yes
End
No
Satisfy the Formula& The lastest RX_LEV_UL(s) < [Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold]?
Yes
Is serving cell? No
No
Yes No Any neighbour cell exist?
End
Priority is higher than serving cell? Yes Trigger Rx_Level_Drop handover
Yes
Formula:
A1 10X 1 A2 10X 2 A3 10X 3 A4 10X 4 A5 10X 5 A6 10X 6 A7 10X 7 A8 10X 8 B
Page75
Data Configuration of Rx_Level_Drop HO
Page76
BQ(Bad Quality) HO
Begin No Is [BQ HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes No
UL_Rx_Q(s)>=[UL Qual. Threshold] or DL_Rx_Q(s) >=[DL Qual. Threshold]?
End
Yes
Is serving cell?
No
Yes No Any neighbour cell exist? Yes
No
[Intracell HO Allowed]
yes
& cell not punished?
RX_LEV_DL (n) > RX_LEV_DL (s) + Inter-cell HO hysteresis(s) -BQ HO Margin(s) ?
No
Yes No Suitable cell exist? Yes Trigger BQ handover
Yes
Page77
Data Configuration of BQ HO
Page78
Page79
Page80
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page81
Enhanced Dual Band HO
Enhanced dual band cell is two different band cells which locate a common site, and have the same azimuth.
Purpose
During the procedure of channel assignment and handover, 900M cell and 1800M cell can share their resource.
Assign the channel with low load in UL to MS preferentially.

Make MS handover from the high load cell to the low load cell.
Page82
Channel Assignment of Enhanced Dual Band HO
TCH assignment (SDCCH channel in UL)

Begin from UL
No
[Assignment Optimization of UL Subcell Allowed or not] ?
Yes
No
Cell load of UL > [UL Subcell General Overload Threshold(%)]?
Yes Yes A No Any idle TCH Available in OL? Yes Assign TCH in OL
No Assign TCH in UL or direct retry identification or queuing
A:
RX_LEV_OL>= [Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)] and RX_LEV_UL RX_LEV (n) >[Distance Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)] Attention: RX_LEV (n): RX_LEV of the strongest neighboring cell which has the same frequency band and layer with underlaid subcell, but locates in a different BTS. If there is no such a cell, this value is -110dBm If [ATCBHoSwitch] is [Close], the second condition is turn off.
Page83
Data Configuration of Channel Assignment
Page84
Page85
Channel Assignment of Enhanced Dual Band HO
TCH assignment (SDCCH channel in OL)

Begin from OL
No
[Assignment Optimization of OL Subcell Allowed or not ] No ?
Yes
Yes
Cell load of UL< [UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold]? Yes Assign TCH in OL
No
Assign TCH in UL
Any idle TCH Available in OL?
No
Assign TCH in OL or direct retry identification or queuing
No
Any idle TCH Available in UL?
Yes Assign TCH in UL
Page86
Page87
Enhanced Dual Band HO
Classification of TCH HO in enhanced dual band HO
UL to OL for high load in UL
OL to UL for low load in UL
OL to UL for moving
Page88
Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from UL to OL for high load in UL
Page89
Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from UL to OL for high load in UL

Begin
[Load HO From UL Subcell to OL Subcell Allowed] Yes ?
No
End
Yes Refresh cell load per second Yes B-C No

Cell load of UL>=[UL Subcell General Overload Threshold(%)]? Cell load of UL>=[UL Subcell Serious Overload Threshold(%)]?
No B
Yes
Adjust HO zone basing on HO step and HO period No
No
A & Satisfy P/N & not within penalty time?
Yes Any MS in HO zone?
A:
Yes B=[UL Subcell Load Hierarchical HO Period(s)] Trigger C=[Modified Step Length of UL Load HO Period(s)] UL to OL HO step: [Step Length of UL Subcell Load HO(dB)] HO zone: [Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)]~-47dBm HO Period: [UL Subcell Load Hierarchical HO Period(s)] RX_LEV_OL >= [Incoming OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)] and RX_LEV_UL RX_LEV (n) > [Distance Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)]
Page90
Data Configuration of Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Page91
Data Configuration of Enhanced Dual Band HO(UO )
Page92
Enhanced Dual Band HO(OU )
Triggering condition for TCH HO from OL to UL for moving

Begin Yes A Yes Satisfy P/N? Yes Select Neighbor cell with the highest priority Trigger OL to UL No Generally, Object cell maybe UL or other neighbor cell is No
End
A:
RX_LEV_OL <[Outgoing OL Subcell HO level Threshold(dB)] or RX_LEV_UL RX_LEV (n) < [Distance Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)] [Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)]
Page93
Data Configuration of Enhanced Dual Band HO(OU )
Page94
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from OL to UL for low load in UL
Page95
Triggering condition for TCH Load HO from OL to UL for low load in UL

Begin End
[Load HO of OL Subcell to UL Subcell Enable] Yes ?
No Confirm: HO zone and HO step Any MS in HO zone? Yes The object cell must be the underlaid subcell and satisfy condition A No No
Yes Refresh cell load per second No
Cell load of UL <[UL Subcell Lower Load Threshold(%)]?
Trigger OL to UL
Yes Satisfy P/N? Yes
HO zone: [Outgoing OL Subcell HO Level Threshold(dB)] ~ -47dBm HO step: [Step Length of OL Subcell Load HO(dB)] A: RX_LEV_UL >= Inter-layer HO Threshold + Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
Page96
Data Configuration of Enhanced Dual Band HO(OU )
Page97
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page98
Load HO
Handover triggering zone Load of Serving Cell Load HO Threshold Load Req. on Candidate Cell Load of Neighboring Cell
Time
Normal Cell
Congested Cell
Congested Cell
Congested Cell Normal Cell
Normal Cell
Normal Cell
Page99
Load HO
As load HO may trigger several HOs, we need to consider the CPU load (system flow level) before triggering it. In addition, load
HO is executed step by step, that is, the edge HO thrsh. raises

according to certain step and period and will stop when out of the Load HO Zone.
Load HO zone Normal HO border
Cell A
Cell B
Load HO bandwidth CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Offset
Edge HO threshold CONF_HO_RXLEV

CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Ramp Load HO step level
Page100
Load HO
Normal Cell
Congested Cell
Normal Cell
Normal Cell
Page101
Load HO
Begin No Is [Load HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes
Current system flux<= [System Flux Threshold for Load HO]?
Select the cell with the highest priority in the cadidate cell list Yes
Is serving cell? No Yes No C&D Yes End Yes No Suitable cell exist? Yes BSC internal cell?
End No
Yes No
Load of service cell >= [Load HO Threshold]?
No C Yes Trigger load handover No
No
Star timer T
Yes Load HO timer T begin? Yes Load HO timer T overflow?
No
B: [Edge HO_DL_RX_LEV Threshod]<DL_RX_Lev(s)

< [Edge HO_DL_RX_LEV Threshod]+A
Caculate A= T ( 1) Step Period No

B
Caculate A= [Load HO Bandwidth]
Yes
C: RX_LEV (n)>= [Inter-layer HO Threshold] + [Inter-layer HO Hysteresis] D: load(n)< Load Req. on Candidate Cell Step: [Load HO Step Level] Period: [Load HO Step Period]
[Load HO Bandwidth] 1) Period Step
Step A [Load HO Bandwidth] 0 T (
Page102
Data Configuration of Load HO
Page103
General HO Process
Penalty Processing
Ranking Processing
MR. Preprocessing
Emergency HO
No DL MR HO
Handover Judgment
TA HO
Layer HO
PBGT HO
Interference HO
Rx_Level_Drop HO
Concentric Cell HO
AMR HO
Bad Quality HO
Page104
Edge Handover
RX_Lev
Handover Triggering
RX_LEV Thr
Time
P/N P: Watch Time N: Valid Time
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
Page105
Edge HO
Begin No Is [Fringe HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes
UL_Rx_Lev(s) < [Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshod]?
Yes Refresh its timer Yes
Select cell(n) whose 16 bit value is higher than serving cell and whose level satifys P/N rule(n) basing on A No
No
Satisfy P/N rule(s)?
Any neighbor cell? Yes
No
DL_Rx_Lev(s) < [Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshod]?
Yes Refresh its timer
Trigger Edge handover
No End
No
Satisfy P/N rule(s)?
Yes
A: DL_Rx_Lev(n)> DL_Rx_Lev(s)+[Inter-cell HO Hysteresis]
Page106
Data Configuration of Edge HO
[Edge HO UL/DL RX-LEV Threshold]<[UL/DL RX_LEV Lower Threshold] in HWII/III power control tabel
Should be lower than the[Outgoing OL Subcell HO Level Threshold(dB)] in enhance dual band data table
Page107
Page109
Page110
MS Fast-Moving Handover
Time Handover Triggering Time Threshold
Cells Number
P/N
P: Watch Cells N: Valid Cells Umbrella Cell Micro Cell
Page111
MS Fast-Moving Handover
Begin No Is [MS Fast Moving HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes Is the target cell the serving cell? No Is the serving cell on layer 4? No Is the best neighbor cell is the last original cell? No Refresh timer(s)
Yes
Yes
End Yes
No
Satisfy P / N rule?
Yes Select the neighbor cell with the highest priority & on the 4th layer & satisfy RX_LEV(n)>= Inter-layer HO threshold(n) + Inter-layer HO hysterisis(n) Yes Trigger MS fastmoving handover
No
Any cell satisfy the condition above?
Page112
Data Configuration of MS Fast-moving Handover
Page113
Layer HO
GSM900 Cell Lay 3
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
GSM1800 Cell Lay 2
Page115
Layer HO
Begin Is [Level HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes Any neighbor cell exit? Yes 16 bit valu(n)< 16 bit value(s)l? Yes A & ( layer(n)< layer(s) or level(n)<level(s) )? Yes
Satisfy P/N rule(n)?
No
No
End
No Identify the next cell
No
No
Yes Trigger layer handover
A: RX_LEV(n)>= Inter-layer HO threshold(n) + Inter-layer HO hysterisis(n)
Page116
Data Configuration of Layer HO
Page117
Data Configuration of Layer HO
Page118
PBGT HO
Path Loss (dB)
PBGT HO 5 Threshold
Handover Triggering
Time
P/N
P: Watch Time N: Valid Time
126-119=7dB>5dB
126dB
119dB
Serving Cell
Neighboring Cell
Page119
PBGT HO
Begin Is [PBGT HO Allowed] Yes ? Yes Is current channel signal channel? No No
Yes
End
Search next neighborcell

No No layer(n)=layer(s)& level(n)=level(s)? Yes Path loss (s) Path loss (n) >PBGT HO Threshold Yes Refresh timer(s)
Satisfy P / N rule?
Yes Trigger PBGT HO
No
Page120
Data Configuration of PBGT HO
Page121
Data Configuration of PBGT HO
Page122
Concentric Cell
Purposes
Maximize coverage area Reduce interference and improve frequency reuse density
Construction methods
Different combiner loss Different propagation loss Modify the transmission power of TRX, the down tilt of antennas, etc. By HO parameters
Overlaid Underlaid
Page123
Classification and HO Judgment of Concentric Cell
Normal concentric cell
Enhance concentric cell
Receiving level Time advance Quality
Receiving level Time advance Quality ATCB Cell load of underlaid
Page124
Data Configuration of Concentric Cell
Page125
Normal Concentric Cell HO
Division of underlaid and overlaid is decided by MS downlink receive level ,TA value and quality.
underlaid
Receiving Level Threshold Receiving Level Hysteresis Receiving Qaulityl Threshold
overlaid
TA Threshold TA Hysteresis
Page126
Normal Concentric Cell HO
U to O
O to U
Page127
Normal Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid

No Begin
[OL to UL HO Allowed] Yes ?
Yes
[Penalty Time of OtoU HO Fail(s)] overflow ? Yes
No
End
No
[RX_LEV for UO HO Allowed] Yes?
No
[RX_QUAL for UO HO Allowed] Yes? Yes
[TA for UO HO Allowed] Yes? Yes
No
Rx_Dl_Level<=[RX_LEV thshold] -[RX_LEV Hysteresis] Yes
No
Rx_Dl_Quality>= [RX_QUAL Treshold]? Yes
No Current TA>=[TA Threshold]+ [TA Hysteresis]? Yes
P/N rule? Yes
No
End
Trigger OL to UL
Page128
Normal Concentric Cell HO(UO )
Criterion for TCH HO from underlaid to overlaid

Begin Yes [Penalty Time of UtoO HO Fail(s)] overflow ? Yes
[UL to OL HO Allowed] Yes ?
No
No Time of HO failure< [MaxRetry Time after UtoO Fail]? Yes [RX_LEV for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No [RX_QUAL for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No [TA for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No No P/N rule? Yes Yes Yes
End Rx_Dl_Level >= [RX_LEV Threshold] + [RX_LEV Hysteresis] Yes Rx_Dl_Qual<= [RX_QUAL Treshold]? Yes Current TA<=[TA Threshold]- No [TA Hysteresis]?
No End
No
Yes
No
Trigger UL to OL
Page129
Data Configuration of Normal Concentric Cell HO
Page130
Page131
Page132
Enhance Concentric Cell HO
Division of underlaid and overlaid is decided by MS downlink receive level, quality, TA value and cell load of underlaid.
underlaid
U to O HO Receiving Level Threshold O to U HO Receiving Level Hysteresis Receiving Qaulityl Threshold
overlaid
TA Threshold
TA Hysteresis
Page134
Enhance Concentric Cell HO
Classification of TCH HO in enhance concentric cell HO
U to O for high load in U
O to U for moving
O to U for low load in U
Page135
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(UO )
Flow for TCH HO from underlaid to overlaid for high load in UL

Begin Yes
[Penalty Time of UtoO HO Fail(s)] overflow ?

Yes
No
[UL to OL HO Allowed] Yes ?
No Time of HO failure< [MaxRetry Time after UtoO Fail]? Yes [RX_LEV for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No [ATCBHoSwitch] Open? No [RX_QUAL for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No [TA for UO HO Allowed] Yes? No P/N rule? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
End
No End
Rx_Dl_Level>[UtoO HO Received Level Threshold] Yes No A
No
Yes Rx_Dl_Qual< [RX_QUAL Treshold]?

Yes Current TA<[TA Threshold][TA Hysteresis]? Yes Go to the user selection flow in the next slide No No
A: RX_LEV_UL RX_LEV (n) >[Distance Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)] RX_LEV (n): RX_LEV of the strongest neighboring cell which has the same frequency band and layer with underlaid subcell, but locates in a different BTS. If there is no such a cell, this value is -110dBm
Page136
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(UO )
User selection flow from UL to OL for high load in UL

Begin
[UtoO Traffice HO Allowed] Yes ?
Yes Refresh cell load per second Yes No

Cell load of UL>=[En Iuo Out Cell General OverLoad Thred]?
End
Cell load of UL>=[En Iuo Out Cell Serious OverLoad Thred]?
No B
(B-1)/second Adjust HO zone basing on HO step and HO period No
Yes
B=[Underlay HO Step Period(s)] HO step: [Underlay HO Step Level] HO period: B-1 or B HO zone: begin from -47dBm
Any MS in HO zone? Yes Trigger UL to OL
Page137
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid for low load in underlaid
Begin
[UtoO Traffice HO Allowed] Yes ?
Yes
No
End
Yes Refresh cell load per second Adjust HO zone basing on HO step and HO period No
No
Cell load of UL<[En Iuo Out Cell Low Load Thred]?
Any MS in HO zone? Yes Trigger UL to OL
Yes
HO period: [En Iuo Cell Load Classification HO Period] HO step: [En Iuo Cell Load Classification HO Step] HO zone: begin from[OtoU HO Received Level Threshold] to -47dBm
Page138
Enhance Concentric Cell HO(OU )
Flow for TCH HO from overlaid to underlaid for moving

No Begin
Yes
[Penalty Time of OtoU HO Fail(s)] overflow ? Yes
No
End
No
[RX_LEV for UO HO Allowed] Yes?
[ATCBHoSwitch] Open?
No No
[RX_QUAL for UO HO Allowed] Yes? Yes
[TA for UO HO Allowed] Yes? Yes
No
No
Rx_Dl_Level>[OtoU HO Received Level Threshold] Yes
A Yes
No
Rx_Dl_Qual> [RX_QUAL Treshold]? Yes
Current TA>[TA Threshold]+ [TA Hysteresis]? Yes
No
P/N rule? Yes
No
End
Select the underlaid subcell or the neighbour cell with the highst priority in 16 bits list
Trigger OL to UL
A: RX_LEV_UL RX_LEV (n) < [Distance Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)] [Distance Hysteresis Between Boundaries of UL and OL Subcells(dB)] Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page139
Data Configuration of Enhance Concentric Cell HO
Page140
Page141
Page142
Page143
Page144
Page145
Page146
Channel Assignment strategies of Concentric HO

Channel Assignment Strategies of Concentric HO
Immediate Assignment
Assignment
Intra-BSC Inter-cell Handover
Incoming Cell Handover
Page147
Immediate Assignment
The preferred SDCCH channel in two layers is controlled by parameter TA pref. Of Imme-Assign Allowed
If "No", system prefers the channel in Underlaid subcell If Yes", system prefers the channel according to in Channel Request message
TA bigger TA smaller
Page148
Data Configuration of Immediate Assignment
Page149
Assignment

Preferred assignment in the overlay or underlay cell Assign the channel of overlay or underlay cell according to the Rx_level and TA in the measurement report
TA smaller and Rx-level higher
Page150
Data Configuration of Assignment
Page151
Intra-BSC Inter-Cell Handover
In the case of intra-BSC inter-cell handover, the MS can be handed over to the underlay or overlay cell first.
If System Optimization is selected, the preferred assignment is conducted according to the level value in the measurement report.
Overlaid overlaid
According to the Rx-level
Underlaid
Page153
Data Configuration of Intra-BSC InterCell Handover
Page154
Inter-BSC Handover
For the inter-BSC Handover, if the target cell is concentric cell , the channel of underlay cell should be assigned first. BSC1 BSC2
Overlaid overlaid
Assign underlaid first
Underlaid
Page155
Data Configuration of Inter-BSC InterCell Handover
Page156
AMR Handover Flow

Begin No
Are [Intracell HO Allowed] & [Intracell F-H HO Allowed Yes ?

Yes
No
End
Is current channel TCH & version3? Yes
Yes
During [Penalty Time after AMR TCHF-H HO Fail(s)]? No current channel is FR No
A: Cell load > [AMR TCH/H Prior Cell Load Threshold]
Yes
No
RQI/2 >[F2H HO th] & A Yes No
RQI/2 <[H2F HO th] Yes
No End
Satisfy P/N rule?
Yes Trigger internal cell AMR handover
Page157
Data Configuration of AMR HO
Page158
Data Configuration of AMR HO
Page159
General HO Process
Handover Judgment
Page160
Begin
No
Is [Power boost befor HO enabled or notYes ?
Yes
BTS(s) keeps current power output
For BTS
BSC send HO Command to MS
BTS(s) uses the max. power output
No power control during handover in order to make sure the handover is successful
HO execute
Page161
Data Configuration of Handover Implementation(BTS)
Page162
Begin
No
Is [MS Power Prediction after HO Yes ?
Yes
MS uses the highest power to access
For MS
BSC send HO Command to MS
BSC predict power
MS will use this predict power in new cell after finishing this handover
No power control during handover in order to make sure the handover is successful
HO execute
Page163
Data Configuration of Handover Implementation(MS)
Page164
Data Configuration of Handover Implementation(MS)
Page165
Summary
In this course, we have learned:
Classification of HO HO general procedure HO judgment algorithm HO implementation process HO data configuration
Page166
Thank you
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3 OMF810002 GSM Handover Algorithm ISSUE2.0

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GSM Handover Algorithm

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Handover algorithm in Huawei product is flexible and powerful.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

To keep a continuous communication with a moving MS To improve network service performance

To reduce the call drop rate To reduce the congestion rate

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Emergency HO Enhanced Dual Band HO Load HO

No DL MR Emergency HO Timing Advance (TA) HO Interference HO Rx_Level_Drop HO Bad Quality (BQ) HO

EDGE HO PBGT HO Layer HO MS Fast Moving HO Concentric Cell HO AMR HO

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Classification by Equipment and Channel

Intra BSC HO Intra MSC HO Inter MSC HO

SDCCH TCH (Direct Retry)

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Measure and Measurement Result Report

Measurement Report Preprocessing

MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Measure and Measurement Result Report

Measurement Report Preprocessing

MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

The downlink MR The uplink MR

The downlink measurement report of the neighbor cell (BCCH)

Serving cell Neighbor cell

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Period of Measurement Report

The downlink MR is sent to BTS in SACCH uplink

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Measure and Measurement Result Report

Measurement Report Preprocessing

MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Recover the lost

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Missing by some reasons

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Filter----Average several consecutive MRs

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Data Configuration of MR Preprocessing

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Data Configuration of MR Preprocessing

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Data Configuration of MR Preprocessing

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Data Configuration of MR Preprocessing

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Enhanced Dual Band HO Load HO Normal HO Edge HO MS Fast Moving HO

OM Forced HO Direct Retry

MS Goes into New Dedicated Mode

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Punish on the original cell

Punish on other high priority layer cells

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Penalty for Handover Failure