g1(t) and g2(t) are orthogonal then Tg1(t)*g2(t)=0

EXAMPLES 1 and sinwt 2sinwt dt = 0 sin(nwt) and sin(mwt) 2 0 sin(nwt)*sin(mwt) =

=0

In general for all integers m and n, sinmx, cosmx, sinnx, cosnx are orthogonal and they are called the harmonics. This is the principle of OFDM

SAVING OF BANDWIDTH

BANDWIDTH SAVING TOLERANCE TO ISI TOLERANCE TO FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE FADING CHANNELS EFFICIENT MODULATION AND DEMODULATION HIGH SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY

OFDM is naturally resistant to ISI Inter Symbol Interferences are avoided by adding zero padding or cyclic prefix.

Effect of frequency selective fading in single carrier transmission

Modulation and Demodulation of the subcarriers is done using IFFT and FFT methods respectively, which are computationally efficient Highly frequency stable oscillators are not needed

SYNCHRONIZATION FREQUENCY ERROR FREQUENCY SHIFT DUE TO DOPLER EFFECT HIGH PEAK TO AVERAGE POWER RATIO

DIGITAL AUDIO BROADCASTING (DAB) DIGITAL VIDEO BROADCASTING (DVB) HDTV Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) WIRELESS LAN NETWORK HIPERLAN IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.16 WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM WIMAX 4G (IEEE 802.16m)

STANDARD
Wimax LTE

FAMILY
802.16 UMTS/ 4GSM Flash OFDM HIPERMAN

USE
Mobile technology General 4G

DOWNLINK (Mbps)
128 100 (cat 3) 150 (cat 4) 300 (cat 5)

UPLINK (Mbps)
56 50 (cat 3) 50 (cat 4) 75 cat(5) 1.8

Flash OFDM

Mobile internet 5.3 (Range up to 55Km) Mobile internet 56.9

HIPERMAN

56.9

OFDM is very much resistant to ISI Fast modulation and demodulation Easy to implement Its a solution to high data rate problems

OFDM for wireless communication systems by Ramjee Prasad. Wikipedia IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 12, NO. 2, MARCH 2010