Communication

Communication is the process whereby speech, signs or

actions transmit information from one person to
another.
Communication involves transmitting
information from one party to another.
communication to be successful, the sender and receiver must
have some signs, words or signals in common with each other
so the sent message can be understood.
Communication is a 2-
way interaction between
two parties to transmit
information and mutual
understanding between
themselves
Upward communication:
Downward communication :
Horizontal communication:
Downward communication flows from people at
higher levels to those at lower levels in the
organizational hierarchy.
Upward communication travels from subordinates
to superiors and continues up the organizational
hierarchy.
Crosswise communication includes the horizontal
flow of information, among people on the same or
similar organizational levels, and the diagonal flow,
among persons at different levels who have no direct
reporting relationships.
Process of communication
(Source)
Senders
message
Encoding
Channel Decoding
Understanding
by receiver
Response
transmission
Encoding channel
Decoding
Receiving
response
First element in the process is source of
communication i.e from where the
communication originates.
Source can be- a person or even a machine.
The source(sender) initiates the
communication as he has some need, thought,
idea or information, that he wishes to other
person or machine.
The next step in process is encoding the information
that has to be transmitted.
Encoding of the thoughts produces a message which
can be either verbal or non-verbal.
Verbal messages are in the form of words and
language.
Non-verbal would be in the form of body gestures like
wink, smile, wave of hand etc..

The next element in the process of communication is the
channel through which the communication is
transmitted.
In organizations the channels could be-face to face
conversation, written memos , reports , telephonic
exchanges, meetings etc.
Other channels can be letters, magazines, tv shows, radio
etc.
For communication to be effective the channel used
should be appropriate.
Decoding and understanding the message constitute
the last two elements in the process of communication
from sender to receiver.
The receiver first receives the message and decodes it
,interprets and translates it into thoughts,
understanding and desired response.
A successful communication occurs when the receiver
decodes the message and attaches the meaning to it
which the sender wished to transmit.
Response and feedback complete the two-way
process of communication.
Only through feedback the sender comes to
know whether the message has been received
correctly or not.
Organizations are totally reliant on communication.
Without communication, organizations would not
function.
If communication is diminished or hampered, the entire
organization suffers.
When communication is thorough, accurate, and timely,
the organization tends to be vibrant and effective.
Communication is central to the entire management
process for four primary reasons:
Communication is a linking process of management.
Communication is the way managers conduct the managerial
functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and
controlling. Communication is the heart of all organizations.

Communication is the primary means by which people obtain
and exchange information.
Decisions are often dependent upon the quality and quantity
of the information received. If the information on which a
decision is based is poor or incomplete, the decision will often
be incorrect.
The most time-consuming activity a manager engages in is
communication.
Managers spend between 70 to 90 percent of their time communicating
with employees and other internal and external customers.

Information and communication represent power in organizations.
An employee cannot do anything constructive in a work unit unless he or
she knows what is to be done, when the task is to be accomplished, and
who else is involved. The staff members who have this information
become centers of power.

Communication enhances coordination and co-operation.
The basic aim of communication is transmission of
meaning or understanding.
Yet , most of the communications fail to convey the
meaning or develop an understanding of the
communication .
The failure in communication arises because of certain
blockages or barriers between sender and the receiver .
In order to make a communication effective, it must
be ensured that these barriers are removed.
A)Semantic Barriers- Most of the difficulties in
communication arise because the same word or symbol
means different things to different individuals.
Same words are interpret in different ways.
B) Psychological barriers- These are the prime barriers
in inter-personal communication.
The meaning of the message depends upon the
emotional or psychological status of both the parties.
C) Organizational Barriers- The structure of the
organization itself acts as a barrier against the free
flow of communication between employees and levels
in the org.
When the information is channeled through levels of
organisation, it become altered as people interpreted
facts differently.
D) Emotions - How the receiver feels at the time of
receipt of communication message will influence how
he or she interprets it.
The same message received when you are angry is
likely to be interpreted differently when you are in a
neutral disposition.
E) Language
Thank You
INTRO.
Communication is the process whereby speech, signs or
actions transmit information from one person to
another.
Communication involves transmitting information
from one party to another.
communication to be successful, the sender
and receiver must have some signs, words or signals in
common with each other so the sent message can be
understood.
Definition:
The ideal definition-
Communication is a 2-way interaction
between two parties to transmit information
and mutual understanding between
themselves.
Significance of Communication
Organizations are totally reliant
on communication.
Without communication, organizations would
not function.
If communication is diminished or hampered, the
entire organization suffers.
When communication is thorough, accurate, and
timely, the organization tends to be vibrant and
effective.
Communication is central to the entire
management process for four primary reasons:
Organizations are totally reliant on communication.
Without communication, organizations would not function.
If communication is diminished or hampered, the entire
organization suffers.
When communication is thorough, accurate, and timely, the
organization tends to be vibrant and effective.
Communication is central to the entire management process for
four primary reasons: