SUCTIONING

Richard T. Domingo RN
When an apple is cut, others
see seeds in the apple. We,
as nurses, see apples in the
seeds.
`- Martha Rogers


Suctioning

Suctioning is aspirating secretions through a
catheter connected to a suction machine
or wall suction outlet.

Oropharyngeal and Nasopharyngeal
suctioning removes secretions from the
upper respiratory tract.

Endotracheal suctioning is use to remove
secretions from the trachea and bronchi.
Purposes of Suctioning
To remove secretions that obstruct the airway
To facilitate ventilation
To obtain secretions for diagnostic purposes
To prevent infection that may result in accumulated
secretions
To maintain a patent airway and prevent airway
obstructions.
To prevent pneumonia that may result from accumulated
secretions.
To promote respiratory function ( optimal exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of the lungs )
Equipments / Materials
Towel and rubber sheet
Portable or wall suction machine with tubing and collection
receptacle
Sterile container for fluids
Sterile normal saline or water
Sterile gauzes
Goggles or face shield, if appropriate
Sterile gloves
Sterile suction catheter
Water soluble lubricant ( for nasopharyngeal suctioning )
Sputum trap, if specimen is to be collected

Suction Catheter

Whistle tipped less irritating to respiratory tissue

Open tipped more effective in removing thick mucuos plug.

Yankauer suction tube use to suction the oral cavity.


For Adults french 12 to 18

For Children french 8 to 10

For Infant french 5 to 8

Suction Machine
Wall Unit
Adult : 100 120 mm Hg
Child : 95 110 mm Hg
Infant : 50 95 mm Hg

Portable Unit
Adult : 10 15 mm Hg
Child : 5 10 mm Hg
Infant : 2 5 mm Hg
Assessment
Restlessness
Change in mental status
Adventitious breath sound
Skin color
Rate and pattern of respirations
Pulse rate and rhythm

Nursing Diagnosis

Ineffective airway clearance
Altered breathing pattern
Pain
Risk for infection

Planning
To improve breathing pattern
To provide patent airway
To avoid trauma to the mucous
membrane
To perform the procedure with
minimal discomfort to the client


Implementation
1. Explain the procedure to the patient.
2. Perform hand washing.
3. Provide client privacy.
4. Prepare the client.
5. Prepare the equipment.
6. Make an approximate measure of the
depth for the insertion of the catheter
and test the equipment.
7. Lubricate and introduce the catheter.
Implementation
8. Perform suctioning.
9. Clean the catheter and repeat suctioning
as above.
10. Obtain specimen if required.
11. Promote client comfort.
12. Dispose of equipment and ensure
availability for the next suction.
13. Assess the effectiveness of the
suctioning.
14. Document relevant data.
Special Consideration
Use separate catheter when suctioning
different site.
Depth of insertion of catheter
for nasopharyngeal & oropharyngeal
10 15cm (4-6 inches)
for tracheostomy 12.5cm (5 inches)
Intervals between suctioning
for nasopharyngeal & oropharyngeal
20 30 seconds
for tracheostomy 2 3 mins.


Evaluation

Conduct appropriate follow up, such
as appearance of secretions
suctioned; breath sounds; respiratory
rate, rhythm and depth, pulse rate
and rhythm, and skin color.
Compare findings to previous
assessment data if available.
Report significant deviations from
normal to the physician.
Any Questions ?



Thank YOU !!