FTI ( Finger Tip Injury )

Allen classification :
1 : injury involve only the pulp
2 : the pulp and nail bed
3 : include partial loss of the
distal phalang
4 : proximal to the lunula

Hirase classification :
I : distal to digital artery
termination
IIA : distal to the terminal
division of central artery
IIB : nail fold to distal terminal
branches of artery
III : DIP joint to nail fold
Acromioclavicular joint injury (Rockwood)
Grade 4 (clavicula dislocated Grade 5 (>100% disloc Grade 6 (clavicula under
backward) ation) coracoid)
Grade 1 (AC joint sprain) Grade 2 (AC joint ligament Grade 3 (100% dislocation)
torn only)
Acromioclavicular joint injury (Rockwood)
Grade 1
AC ligament - mild sprain
CC ligament - intact
joint capsule - intact
deltoid mucle - intact
trapezius muscle - intact
clavicle not elevated with respect to
the acromion
Grade 2
AC ligament - ruptured
CC ligament - sprain
joint capsule - ruptured
deltoid mucle - minimally detached
trapezius muscle - minimally detached
clavicle elevated but not above the superior
border of the acromion
Grade 3
AC ligament - ruptured
CC ligament - ruptured
joint capsule - ruptured
deltoid mucle - detached
trapezius muscle - detached
clavicle elevated above the superior border
of the acromion butcoracoclavicular
distance is less than twice normal
Grade 4
AC ligament - ruptured
CC ligament - ruptured
joint capsule - ruptured
deltoid mucsle - detached
trapezius muscle - detached
clavicle displaced posteriorly into trapezius
Grade 5
AC ligament - ruptured
CC ligament - ruptured
joint capsule - ruptured
deltoid muscle - detached
trapezius muscle - detached
clavicle is markedly elevated
and coracoclavicular distance is more than
double normal (e.g. >25mm)
Grade 6
rare
AC ligament - ruptured
CC ligament - ruptured
joint capsule - ruptured
deltoid muscle - detached
trapezius muscle - detached
clavicle inferiorly displaced
behind coracobrachialis and biceps tendons.
Syarat Profilaksis
Broad spektrum
I.V.
Single dose
Dosis besar (dewasa : 2g)

Fraktur costa posterior
Tidak perlu ops
Karena posterior costa ad
otot trapesius, os scapula
dan otot2 lain yang fx sbgai
bidai
Edukasi : nafas panjang,
nanti fr. Costa kembali dgn
sendirinya

Tension band wiring (fr.
Olecranon, fr. patella) liat
gmbr
Semakin gerak semakin
terfixasi
syarat : tidak fr comminuted
(hancur), hrs ada
penompang (cth olecranon)
untuk kompresi
Fraktur suprakondiler (fr 1/3 distal humerus
tpt prox troklea dan capitulum humeri)
Mekanisme trauma :
Ekstensi type (plg sering)
(MOI:hiperekstensi injury)
Fragmen prox. Ke arah m. brachialis, m
bisep, a. brachialis, n. medianus
Fleksi type (MOI:trauma posterior elbow
dgn posisi flexi)
Fragmen prox. Ke arah tendon trisep
Klasifikasi (Gartland) :
Type I : undisplaced
Type II : partial displaced
Type III : complete displaced
Komplikasi :
volkmanns ischemia (5P : Pain,
Pulsellesness, Pallor, Paresthesia,
Paralisis)
Indikasi ops :
type III, O.F. , disertai cedera vaskular
Reposisi fracture colles dan
smith
Traksi disimpaksi (colles ke
dorsal, smith ke volar)
kembalikan posisi awal (gtw
namax) immobilisasi (gips,
wire/pin, plate and screw, atau
external fixation)
Colles fracture (fracture distal
radius ke arah
dorsal)(MOI:telapak tgn sbg
penompang tbh)
Posisi reposisi dan
immobilisasi pronasi
Smith fracture (fracture distal
radius ke arah
volar)(MOI:punggung tgn sbg
penompang tbh)
Posisi reposisi dan
immobilisasi supinasi
Gips
Long leg cast
For Tibia fracture
Leg cylinder cast
For Patellar fracture or
dislocation
Below the knee cast/short leg cast
For Distal tibia fracture
For Ankle fracture and
dislocation
For Foot fracture
Patellar tendon bearing cast
Final stage treatment for tibia
fracture
and Rehabilitation of the knee