FARD AL AYN & FARD

AL KIFAYAH

Islamic education is an important need derived from Islam as the way of
life .
The main source of Islam is The Holy Quran, comprises every doctrines
of Islamic thoughts.
Allah has created man to be a vicegerent in this world and also revealed
Quran as the Book of Guidance to assist every human being in this world
to the right path.
Allah also has created mankind with twofold nature which is the body and
soul. These are the essential ingredients for our well being.
Based on the nature on this mankind, knowledge can be divided into two
parts, namely; fard al ayn and fard al kifayah.
The purpose of this knowledge is to strengthen the individuals Faith.




Fard
Is an Islamic term which represent a religious duty
commanded by Allah S.W.T
Also synonym with the word wajib (obligatory).
FARD AL AYN (PERSONAL OBLIGATORY)
Is an act that is obligatory for Muslims individually, each will
be rewarded for performing it or punished for failing to
perform it.
Is what has been directly revealed to us by Allah, includes
the knowledge of pillars and beliefs of Islam and the Sacred
Law (shariah).
It is thus insufficient for someone to perform such an act on
another's behalf.
This basic knowledge is for the nourishment of our body and
soul.
Fard al-ayn is accounted for two things:

FIRST
Knowing the duties of religion and faith set by the Islamic
principles.
It purports believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His
Messengers, The Last Day, and the provision of good and
evil, Qada and Qadar, the pillars and obligatory prayer,
charity, fasting and pilgrimage.



This is stated in the Ibn Umar hadith:
Islam is built on five things: Witness that no god but Allah,
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishment of 5
daily prayers, charity, fasting during the month of
Ramadhan and performing the Hajj for those capable of
performing




SECOND
Knowing haram things and associating Allah with others
(syirik), disobey parents, cheating, riba, plundering, murder,
adultery, stealing, drinking alcohol, not covering the aurah,
etc.
FARD AL KIFAYAH (COMMUNALLY OBLIGATORY)
Is an act that is obligatory for the Muslims community
collectively, if it is adequately carried out by some members
of the muslims community, then the obligations has been
fulfilled, the sin and responsibility of non-performance is
lifted from the rest; but if no one undertakes it, then all are
guilty of serious sin for neglecting the obligation.
Also the knowledge that Muslims should acquire for their
survival in this world.
Fard al- Kifayah serve as the purpose for the establishment
of Islam such as studying the Quran, sciences of Hadith,
perfected body and amar ma'ruf nahi mungkar. Furthermore,
it also includes sciences and technology.


In the fulfillment of fard kifayah :
- Someone who is able through himself or his property to
perform the fard kifayah is obliged to do so.
- Someone who is unable to do himself is urge to have the
person or find the one who is able to perform it.

- BUT,
- When an individual is the only one available that can
perform the communal act, it becomes the personal
obligatory for him.
Examples
Praying over the dead
Building hospitals
Lifesaving
Fire fighting
Medicine
Industries people
The existence of Islamic courts and judges



Allah requires that these obligatory acts exist in the Islamic
society despite of who does the act. But Allah does not
require that it must be done by each person, or some
particular one, since the interests of the society are realized
by the existence of communal acts through the efforts of
some of those who is ethically in charge, and do not entail
every particular person to perform it.

Da`wah means conveying the message of Islam to Muslims and non-
Muslims alike. It is to help all people be always on the right track and
guide those who have gone astray to return to the path of Allah the
Almighty.
He, Most High, instructed His Prophet (r) [to disseminate the message
of Islam as follows]:
O Messenger, convey what was revealed from your Lord.
(al-Maaidah, 5: 67)
Let there arise out of you a group of people inviting to all that is good
(Islm), enjoining Al-Ma'rf (i.e. Islmic Monotheism and all that Islm
orders one to do) and forbidding Al-Munkar (polytheism and disbelief and
all that Islm has forbidden). And it is they who are the successful. (Aal-
Imraan 3:104)

The Prophet Muhammad s.a.w said:
convey from me even if it is one ayah. (reported by Bukhari); and he said:
May Allah illuminate the face of a servant who heard my saying, understood
it, then delivered it as he heard it. Perhaps the one who conveys the
knowledge (Fiqh) is not a scholar, and perhaps the one to whom he conveys
it understands it better than him. (reported by Abu Dawud, Tirmizi, Ahmad)
And the believers, men and women, are friends one of another. They enjoin
good and forbid evil and observe Prayer (at-Taubah 9:71)
On the authority of Abu Said al-Khudri, radiyallahu anhu, who said: I heard
the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu alayhi wasallam, say:
When any one of you sees anything that is disapproved (of by Allah), let him
change it with his hand. If he is not able to do so, then let him change it with
his tongue. And if he is not able to do so, then let him change it with his
heart, though that is the weakest (kind of) faith.


The best words that any human being can speak are words of guidance
inviting people to the purpose of their creation; the worship of God.
This being the case, the reward for giving dawah must be tremendous.
Thus, it is no surprise to find that the Prophet (r) addressed the great
reward for this righteous pursuit saying,
Whoever directs someone to do good will gain the same reward as the
one who does good.
He was also reported to have said,
Whoever calls to guidance will receive the same reward as the one who
follows him without any decrease in the reward of [his follower].

There are two levels of Dawah to Allaah: The first is Fard ayn (an individual
obligatory duty) and the second is Fard kifaayah (a collective obligatory duty). It
is Fard ayn on you when no one in [your] country, region or tribe takes up the
responsibility of enjoining good and forbidding evil, if you have knowledge. It
becomes obligatory on you specifically to give dawah, to enlighten people to the
rights of Allah, to command what is good and prohibit evil.
However, if there are present those who give dawah teach people and guide
them, then it would be sunnah and not obligatory for others who also have
knowledge of the Shareeah.
Regarding the obligation of dawah in this age, Sh. Ibn Baaz also said:
At a time when there is a shortage of callers, when evil is prevalent and
ignorance dominates, dawah becomes fard ayn on everyone
according to their ability.
Proof for the community obligation of dawah can be found in the
following verse and others similar to it:
Let there arise among you a group inviting to all that is good,
enjoining righteousness and forbidding evil. Those are the
successful ones. (Aal- Imraan, 3: 104)

Allah states that a group of the believers should shoulder the
responsibility of promoting virtue and prohibiting vice in the society.
Because religion is not merely a personal affair

As far as the issue of da`wah in the sense of preaching is concerned, it
is regarded as fard kifayah (collective obligation) on Muslims.
But da`wah in the sense of setting a good example is fard
`ayn (individual obligation) on Muslims to safeguard their religion and
convey its message to Muslims and non-Muslims as well. With regard
to the methods of giving da`wah, they are many: wise and gentle
approach, giving speeches and sermons, setting good example for
others to follow, etc.
Quoted by: Sheikh Hamed Al-Ali, instructor of Islamic Heritage at the
Faculty of Education, Kuwait and Imam of Dahiat As-Sabahiyya
Mosque
Giving da`wah with proper training and specialization is regarded
as fard kifayah (collective obligation). That means in every community
some people must take the proper da`wah training and should do this
work in a systematic and methodical way on behalf of all other
members of the community. If some people do this work, then there is
no blame on others, but if no one does it, all Muslims of the community
are considered sinners.
Quoted by: Dr. Muzammil Siddiqi, former head of the Islamic Society of
North America (ISNA) and member of the Fiqh Council of North
America, says:
In the Quran, Allah says,
Ask the people of knowledge , the people of adh-Dhikir if you do not
know. (al-Anbiya 21:7)

Furthermore, whenever the Prophet (r) addressed people, he used to
say:
Let those present convey what they heard to those absent.
For, perhaps he may inform one better able to understand
it than him.
Allahs Curse : In order to stress the gravity of dawah as a duty on
Muslims, Allah warned those who did not fulfill their responsibility in
this regard of His curse and the curse of all His creatures:
Indeed those who hide the clear messages and guidance that I have
revealed after I have made it clear to people in the scripture; those are
cursed by Allah and cursed by all who curse. (al-Baqarah, 2: 159)
The Prophet (r) further stressed the gravity of the sin of hiding
knowledge saying:
Whoever hides knowledge by which Allah benefits people in their
affairs of religion, Allah will bridle him on the Day of Resurrection
with a bridle from the Hellfire.

However, whatever subject the dawah may begin on, whether
hijaab, terrorism, polygamy, etc., a conscious effort should be made
to divert the topic ultimately to that of Tawheed.

THREE TYPE OF PEOPLE:
People who easy to accept the truth and follow it
-usually they comes from educational background

People who accept the truth but not practiced it
-they has to be reminded always until they able to practice
it

People who do not want to accept the truth
-they should been preach with wisdom and argue with them
in gracious ways
STEPS TO PREACHING:
1. Get to know each other feelings
-easy to approach and talk about personal
problem
2. Understanding their attitude, thinking and
behavior
-assist the process of preaching
-involved in same interest



3. Aware about questions related to
religious matters
-eg: purpose of life, existence of God..
-provide answers with evidence and
argument
4. Ask their opinion about Islam
-gather information and find answers
-must confident and not be hesitate



5. Clear the misconceptions before preach
about Islam
-issues: terrorist, pedophile...
6. Introduce people that has embrace
Islam and their views about Islam
-eg: Lim Jooi Soon, Shah Kirit

7. Ask them to join Islam
-tells them about rewards and benefit
when embrace Islam
-always give them motivation
8. Prays to Allah
-always ask Allah to give hidayah to them
to embrace Islam

HOW TO PREACHING:
At home:
-mini library
-family lesson
-righteous acts in public
-participate in Islamic social work

At mosque:
-lectures
-provide books
-participate in the wall magazine
-participate in mosques activities and programs

At university:
-lectures
-Islamic socialization
-congregational prayer
-exhibitions and expositions

At workplaces:
-your desk
-dawah poster
-provide books