ADJECTIVE CLAUSES (2)

By the end of the lesson you will be better able to:

Identify between adjective clauses with subject
relative pronouns and adjective clauses with object
relative pronouns


Key points explained
An adjective clause (also relative clause) starts with a
relative pronoun

The two common relative pronouns are:
that and who

things people

A relative pronoun can be the subject or the object of an
adjective clause
Relative pronouns
relative
pronoun
use example
who subject or object pronoun for people I told you about the
woman who lives next door.
which (1) subject or object pronoun for animals
and things
Do you see the cat which is
lying on the roof?
which (2) referring to a whole sentence He couldnt
read which surprised me.
whose possession for people animals and
things
Do you know the
boy whose mother is a nurse?
whom object pronoun for people I was invited by the
professor whom I met at the
conference.
that subject or object pronoun for people,
animals and things
I dont like the
table that stands in the
kitchen.


Key concepts explained
Subject: a noun, noun phrase or pronoun representing
the person or thing that performs the action of the verb
(I in I sat down.), or about which something is stated
(the house in the house is very old).
Key concepts explained (2)
Object: a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that refers to a
person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb
(called the DIRECT OBJECT), or that the action is done to or
for (called the INDIRECT OBJECT)

In I met him in town, the word him is the direct object
In Give him the money, him is the indirect object and
money is the direct object.
Lets see the difference
I took a course that takes 6 months

subject

This is the course that I took

object subject

adjective clauses with subject relative
pronouns
He is the teacher who speaks three foreign languages

subject object
adjective clauses with object relative
pronouns
He is the teacher who(m) I met yesterday.

object subject

We can omit the relative pronoun if we want to, so:
He is the teacher I met yesterday
(NO relative pronoun is OK) (the relative is
optional)


Still clueless??
You can, however, distinguish them as follows:

If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, the relative pronoun
is a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns must always be used.
the apple that is lying on the table

If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb (but by a noun or
pronoun), the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Object
pronouns can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are
then called Contact Clauses.
the apple (that) George lay on the table

More relative pronouns: whose
Whose is always the subject of an adjective
clause.
It cannot be omitted.
It replaces a possessive.
It can be for both people or things



Possessive adjectives

People: The man is coming tonight.
His car is a Mercedes.

The man whose car is a Mercedes is coming
tonight


Things: The house belongs to me.
Its roof is very old

The house whose roof is very old belongs to me

Relative Adverbs
A relative adverb can be used instead of a relative
pronoun plus preposition. This often makes the sentence
easier to understand.
This is the shop in which I bought my bike.
This is the shop where I bought my bike.


relative
adverb
meaning use example
where in/at which refers to a place the place where we met
him
ADA 5 & ADA 6
Page 79 letter D
Page 83 letters C,D



Page W35 Lesson 3
Page W36 and W37 Lesson 4
HOMEWORK
Integradora next Wednesday
Find information about a holiday/festival/ etc. that is
celebrated in a different country

Include the following information: name of the
holiday, where it is celebrated (country), when (date),
a description of the holiday, traditional food/drink,
traditional dress, and how people commemorate that
holiday

You are going to work in pairs

Bring your materials (posters, markers, pictures,
scissors, glue, etc.)