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Frequency Modulation
Aim:
To frequency modulate an 20 kHz career with 2 kHz
message with a frequency deviation of 3 kHz, using
XR2206
Equipment required:
Signal generator (2 MHz) 1 No.
Dual Channel Oscilloscope (5 MHz) 1 No.
Breadboard 1 No.
IC - XR2206 - 1No.
Resistors, Capacitors and other components
Circuit Diagram (FM Modulator)
Design
Carrier Frequency:
Frequency Deviation:
2
1
CR
f
C
pp m
v f ) (
FM Demodulator Circuit
Measurements & Readings
Input Message Signal:
Frequency & Amplitude
Output FM Signal:
Amplitude (V
PP
)
f
MAX
f
MIN
Carrier Frequency:
Frequency Deviation:
2
MIN MAX
C
f f
f
2
MIN MAX
f f
f
Demodulated Signal:
Frequency & Amplitude
Pulse Amplitude Modulation
Aim:
To amplitude modulate a discrete pulse waveform
of 8000 pulse per second with a message signal of 2
kHz and successfully demodulate it.
To vary the frequency of the message signal and
verify the sampling theorem
Circuit Diagram (Sampling)
Circuit Diagram ( De-Sampling)
Design
De-sampling
kHz
RC
f
CO
4
2
1