It is the material removal process where the

material is removed by high velocity stream of

air/gas or water and abrasive mixture .
An abrasive is small, hard particle having sharp
edges and an irregular shape .
High velocity jet is aimed at a surface under
controller condition .
Abrasive delivery system
Control system
Pump
Nozzle
Mixing tube
Motion system
Auto abrasive delivery system has the
capability of storing abrasive & delivery the
abrasive to the bucket . Its works auto
programming system by help of once
measuring record & no adjustment or fine
tuning system . High sensitive sensor gives
extremely reliable & repeatable .
The control algorithm that computes exactly
how the feed rate should vary for a given
geometry in a given material to make a precise
part .
The algorithm actually
determines desired variation
in the feed rate & the tool
path to provide an extremely
smooth feed rate .
Crankshaft & intensifier pump are mainly use
in the abrasive jet machine .
The intensifier pump was the
only pump capable of reliably
creating pressures high .
Crankshaft pumps are more
efficient than intensifier pumps
because they do not require a power robbing
hydraulic system ultra high pressure & more
stroke per minute .

All abrasive jet systems use the same basic
two stage nozzle . First , water passes through a
small diameter jewel orifice to form a narrow
jet .
The abrasive particles are accelerated by the
moving stream of water & they pass into a
long hollow cylindrical
ceramic mixing tube.
Generally two type of nozzle
use , right angle head &
straight head .
The mixing tube is where the abrasive mixes
with the high pressure water .
The mixing tube should be
replaced when tolerances
drop below acceptable levels .
For maximum accuracy ,
replace the mixing tube
more frequently .
In order to make precision parts , an abrasive
jet system must have a precision x-y table and
motion control system .
Tables fall into three general categories .
Floor-mounted gantry systems
Integrated table/gantry systems
Floor-mounted cantilever systems
High pressure water starts at the pump , and
is delivered through special high pressure
plumbing to the nozzle .
At the nozzle , abrasive is introduced & as
the abrasive/water mixture exits , cutting is
performed .
Once the jet has exited the nozzle , the energy
is dissipated into the catch tank , which is
usually full of water & debris from previous
cut .
There are main features of AJM
Obtainable tolerances
Material to machine
Material thickness
Accuracy of table
Stability of table
Control abrasive jet
Around curves
Inside corner
Feed rate
Acceleration
Nozzle focus
Speed cutting
Pump pressure
Hardness & thickness
Software controlling the motion
Power at the nozzle
Different types of abrasive are used in abrasive
jet machining like garnet , aluminum oxide ,
olivine , silica sand , silicon carbide ,etc .
Virtually any material can be cut by using
abrasive jet machining method , i.e harder
materials like titanium to steel.
Abrasive particles must be hard ,high toughness,
irregular in shape & edges should be sharp .
Extremely fast setup & programming
No start hole required
There is only one tool
Low capital cost
Less vibration
No heat generated in work piece
Environmentally friendly
Low metal removal rate
Due to stay cutting accuracy is affected
Abrasive powder cannot be reused
Tapper is also a problem
The better performance , and the applications
represented above statements confirm that
ABRASIVE JET MACHINING is continue to
expand .
The new softwares used to minimize time and
investments , there by making it possible for
more manufacturers of precision parts to
install AJM centers .