SOCIOTECHNICAL &

SOCIOCLINICAL STEM

Abhishek garg
abhishekgarg98@gmail.com
09962481572
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Sociotechnical &
Socioclinical
Stem
Sociotechnical & Socioclinical
Stem
 The Fourth Stem
 Work of Tavistock Clinic in England
 Ignorance of the psychological and social needs of
the workers but concentrating more on the technology
used
 Analysis and Interventions.
The sociotechnical system
Contributor s to Sociotechnical
&
Clinical Stem

 W.R. Bion, Rickman, and Others

 Eric Trist

 Tavistock- US Links (leaders)

1. W.R. BROWN; RICKMAN; &
OTHERS

Studies
in
Group Behavior
 W.R. BROWN; RICKMAN; &
OTHERS

 Part of the Tavistock Institute / Clinic

 Professional staffs – influenced by innovations like:

- World War II application of social psychology

- Work of W.R. Bion & Rickman in Group theory

- Lewin’s notions on social research

- Lewin’s theory with action research.

 Northfield Experiment: In a military hospital near
Birmingham during World War II.

- Each soldier asked to join a group

- Group performed a task (e.g: handicraft )

- Discussed Feelings, interpersonal relations, &

administrative & managerial problems

- Insights/ results- carried over to Bion’s theory

of Group Behavior.
 2. ERIC TRIST:

“Group Dynamics
and
Socio-technical approaches.”
W hat is Gr oup Dynamics ???

 Study of Groups.

 Understanding the behavior of people in a

group.
 Group Vs Individual comparisons.
 Socio-technical appr oach-
How did it arise ???

Eric Trist (1947) visited a British coal mine – [work design]

IMPORTANCE GIVEN ONLY TO MECHANIZED

PROCESSES
The social and technical systems must integrate and assist one another.

(Joint Optimization).

 Low Productivity due to mechanization.

 Co-ordination Problems.
 Inhibition of team work and team development.
 No monetary & non-monetary benefits.
 Socio-technical appr oach-
How did it arise ???.......

 Insights into Lewin’s work on Group Dynamics

 Insights into Bion’s work on leaderless groups
 Insights into systems concepts of Von Bertalanffy
and Andras Angyal

- helped to create a new approach to mine

problems
 Gr oup Dynamics &
Sociotechnical appr oaches

• Group Behavior in Sociotechnical environments or

stems

• Behaviors of groups changed depending on

conditions of the sociotechnical environment.

• Work (working systems) had to be redesigned.

• Experiments conducted on work designs.

• Social system + Technical System = Success

• More work group interactions than that of
individuals.
• Properly Structured work groups +

technology can:

- provide incentives

- provide assistance

- provide social support.

Experiments in Wor k Designs

• Industrial Democracy

• Open Systems

• Sociotechnical Systems
Industrial Democr acy

 Involves workers making decisions, sharing

responsibility and authority in the workplace.
 Industrial democracy increases productivity and
service delivery from a more fully engaged and
happier workforce.
 This combined with the technical assistance can
reap huge benefits.
Open Systems

 Inputs got from the environment and outputs

are produced.
 Communication is encouraged.

 Knowledge sharing is encouraged.

 Therefore works are redesigned accordingly.

Sociotechnical Systems

 The integration of the Social systems and the technical

systems.
 The technical system includes machinery, processes,
procedures and a physical arrangement.
 The social system includes people and their habitual
attitudes, values, behavioral styles, relationships, reward
systems, etc.
3. Tavistock – US Links

 Established in 1920

 To provide psychotheraphy

 Group focus emerged

 Action research mode also emerged

 Tavistoc leaders had established contacts with US

leaders.
 Robert blake and Waren Bennis studied at Tavistock.

 Socio Technical approach

 Focus on teams and use of action research

 Quality of work life and Total Quality Management are

amalgamations of OD.
Example – socio technical
 High levels of Competition

 Only way to differentiate- Low cost

 Redesigned Work- The Sociotechnical Way

 1 - Included Employees in each step of analysis &

redesign of Socio-technical systems

Invested in their employees to learn (motivation)

 2 - Improved production systems- rigid production
systems with flat flexible and participative systems.
 II. SocioClinical Stem

 A multidisciplinary, humanistic field that assesses and

reduces problems through analysis and intervention of
projects, etc.
 Clinical analysis - assessment of beliefs, policies and
practices with an eye toward improving the situation.
 Intervention – the creation of new systems as well as
the change of existing systems, is based on continuing
analysis.
T he Sociologists:

 Specialty Areas: Ethnic Relations or organization

analysis.
 Use range of research methods.
 Case Analysis.
 Quantitative and Qualitative research skills for
assessment and evaluation.
The Major Activities involved in socio-clinical stem:
 Develops and implements corrective procedures to alleviate group
dysfunctions
 Observes group interaction and interviews group members to identify
problems (e.g), group organization, authority relationships, and role conflicts.
 Develops intervention procedures, using interviews, consultations, role
playing, and participant observation of group interaction, to facilitate
resolution of group problems.
 Monitors group interaction and role affiliations to evaluate progress and to
determine need for additional change.
THANK U....