PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

Dosen pengampu : Yanasari, S.Si

Presure
measurement
Manometers
Mechanical
gauges
MANOMETERS
DEFINED AS THE DEVICES USED FOR
MEASURING THE PRESSURE AT POINT IN A
FLUID BY BALANCING THE COLUMN OF
LIQUID BY THE SAME OR ANOTHER
COLUMN OF LIQUID
JENIS-JENIS MANOMETER
piezometer
U-tube manometer
Single column manometer
Simple
manometers
Differential
manometer
Mechanical Gauges
The devices in which the pressure is measured by
balancing the fluid column by spring ( elastic element )
or dead weight.
Generally these gauges are used for measuring high
pressure and where high precision is not required
Mechanical Gauges
Bourdon tube
pressure gauge
Diaphragm pressure
gauge
Bellow pressure
gauge
Dead-weight pressure
Piezometer
The simple form of
manometer which can be used
for measuring moderate
pressures of liquid.
A piezometer tube is not
suitable for measuring
negative pressure
U-Tube Manometer
U-tube manometer consists of a glass tube bent
in U-shape, one end of which is connected to a
point at which pressure is to be measured and
other end remains open to the atmosphere.
For Positive Pressure
let
h
1
= height of the light liquid
in the left limb above the
datum line
h
2
= height of the heavy liquid
in the right limb above the
datum line
h = pressure in pipe,
expressed in terms of head
s
1
= specific gravity of the light
liquid
s
2
= specific gravity of the
heavy liquid

For negative Pressure
pressure head above X-X in
the left limb
pressure head above X-X in
the right limb = 0
Single Column Manometer
For any variation in pressure, the change in the
liquid level in the reservoir will be so small that
it may be neglected, and the pressure is
indicated by the height of the liquid in the other
limb.

Single Column Manometer
Vertikal Single Column
manometer
Let
h
1
= height of the centre of the pipe
above X-X
h
2
= rise of heavy liquid ( after
experiment ) in the right limb
h = fall of the heavy liquid level in
the reservoir
h = pressure in the pipe, expressed
in terms of head of water
A = cross-sectional area of the
reservoir
a = cross-sectiona area of the tube (
right limb )
S
1
= specific gravity of the light
liquid in pipe
S
2
= specific gravity of the heavy
liquid

equation becomes
Single Column Manometer
Inclined single column manometer
Let
l = length of the heavy liquid
moved in right limb
= inclination of right limb
with horizontal
h
2
= vertical rise of liquid in
right limb from X-X = l sin

Differential Manometers
A differential manometer is used to measure the
difference in pressures betwen two points in a
pipe, or in two different pipes.
Two types of differential manometers :
U-tube differential manometer
Inverted U-tube differential manometer
U-tube differential manometer
Two pipes at same level
Difference of pressure head :
Two pipes at differential levels
Difference of pressure head :
Inverted U-tube differential manometer

This type of manometer is
used for measuring
difference of two pressure
where accuracy is the major
consideration.
Pressure heads in the left
limb and the right limb below
the datum line X-X are equal
:
Mechanical Gauges
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TUGAS : JELASKAN TENTANG MECHANICAL
GAUGES DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA
INDONESIA. ( DALAM BENTUK MIC.OFF.
WORD DAN BATAS PENGIRIMAN AKHIR
JAM 10.00 HARI SENIN, 18 MARET 2013 KE
EMAIL : mekanikafluidakhusus@gmail.com )