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Class Rules
What is a Crane?
A crane is a type of tower that is equipped with pulleys and
cables and is used to lower and lift materials.
Contact with power lines



Overturns

Major Causes of Crane Accidents
10 feet away from power lines
Fall



Mechanical failure
Major Causes of Crane Accidents
Lack of training



Inadequate
maintenance or
inspection

Major Causes of Crane Accidents
Instability - unsecured load, load capacity
exceeded, or ground not level or too soft


How do Accidents Occur

Lack of communication - the point of
operation is a distance from the crane
operator that may not be in full view of the
operator
How do Accidents Occur
Who is at Risk?
Operator
Persons at crane sites
Banksman
Crane Hazards
Inadequate inspection and
maintenance
Improper load rating

Unguarded parts
No hand signals

Crane Hazards
Working too close to power lines
(minimum 10 feet)

Shattered windows

No boom angle indicator Unguarded swing radius
Competent Person
Must inspect all
machinery and
equipment prior to
each use, and during
use.

Carry your certificate or licence
Check your vehicle at every shift and report any faults
Check the load and load rating
Daily check:
Competent Person
Review last shifts checklist
Brakes
Tyres
Hoses and couplings
Steering
Slings, chains or web harnesses if used
Lights
Warning devices
Out riggers or limits if fitted
Sign off checklist
Report defects to supervisor
Must always
What to Inspect?
Wire rope wear
Tires properly inflated

Loose or missing hardware, nuts, or bolts
Correct air pressure and no leaks
Daily inspections include:
Operating mechanisms to ensure
proper working order
Air or hydraulic systems for leaks
Hoist chains/ropes for wear, twisting,
distortion
Crane Inspection
Periodic Inspections
Deformed, cracked or corroded
components
Loose bolts or rivets
Wear on brakes, chain drives or sockets
Crane Inspection
Planning before Start-up
Level the crane and ensure
support surface
Know the basic crane capacities,
limitations, and job site restrictions
Planning before Start-up
Know the location and voltage of
overhead power lines
Determine safe areas to store materials and place machinery
Planning before Start-up
Barricade areas within swing radius
Ensure proper maintenance
and inspections
Make other personnel aware
of hoisting activities
Planning Before Start-up
Verify
Preliminary checks
Crane stability
Estimation of load
Lifting gear capacity
Load stability
Before Lifting
Preliminary checks
Hand Signal Knowledge
Good communication
The Users Responsibilities
Rigger
Crane
Operator
Moving the Load
Be sure the hook and
hoist are directly
over the load

Ensure that
chains/ropes/slings are not
twisted

Ensure that the load is well
secured and balanced

When traveling, keep the
load close to the floor

Load CapacitySpeedWarning
Make sure the crane operator
can see the:
Rated Load Capacities
Operating Speeds
Special Hazard Warning
or Instruction
Overload
Carry a wide load
Lift an off center load
Raise a load when moving
Travel with elevated load
Turn at speed
Drive over uneven surface
Drive with damaged tires
Drive with uneven tire
pressures
Never
Improper Load
Suspended Load
Dont stand under suspended loads
Safe Rigging Practices
Will the Load be Under Control?
a. Tag Line available?
b. Is there any possibility of fouling?
c. Clear of Personnel?
Ask Yourself?
Safe Rigging Practices
Ask Yourself?
Is the Equipment in Acceptable
Condition?
a. Appropriate Type?
b. Proper Identification?
C. Properly Inspected?
Safe Rigging Practices
Ensure that it has the
correct quarterly color code
before using.
Rigging Equipment Slings
Chain Wire rope Metal mesh Synthetic
Safety latch or clip

Load in center of hooks curve

Picking up load with the hooks tip causes it
to open up & weaken

Replace hooks that are bent open or twisted
Hook
Rigging at Heights
Basic Sling Operation
Whenever any sling is used, the following
practices shall be observed!
1. Do not use defective or damage slings.
2. Do not use makeshift devices
Basic Sling Operation
Slings shall be padded or
protected from the sharp edges
of their loads.
Suspended loads shall be kept
free of obstructions.
All employees shall be kept
clear of loads about to be lifted
and of suspended loads.

unsafe
Basic Sling Operation
Slings shall not be
loaded in excess of their
rated capacity.
Slings used in a Basket
Hitch shall have the load
balanced to prevent
slippage.
Slings shall be securely
attached to the load.
unsafe
Basic Sling Operation
Hands or fingers shall not be
placed between the sling and
its load while the sling is being
tightened around the load.
Shock loading is prohibited.
A sling shall not be pulled from
under a load when the load is
resting on the sling.
Wire Rope Capacities
Damaged Wire Rope Sling
Damage as a result of a kink in the
wire rope
Damaged Wire Rope Sling
Birdcage damage
Wire Rope Slings
User must check Sling Capacity Tag
If the Tag is not readable. Do not use it!
Inspect Sling before each use.
Use padding or softeners.
Synthetic Slings
Rigging Protection
Softeners, padding or use of blocking..
How would you rig this?
Would it matter if
the tank were full
or empty?
Remove
Cause?
Not wearing
gloves and
not taking off
the ring.
Jewelry and wear gloves
Rigging
Any Questions?
Remember, if in doubt,
ask. A great rigger is a
safe rigger!
10 MINUTES BREAK
Required for:
Earth Movers
Cranes
Heavy vehicles
Slow moving
Equipment
What is a Banks-Man?
Equipment
Basic PPE
High Visibility Vest
Whistle
Flags
BE THERE
Before work start
Establish hand signals
Assist daily checks
Barricade
Identify hazards
Visual contact AT ALL TIMES
Remember:
NO BANKSMAN = NO WORK
Leave = STOP
Distraction = STOP
Unsure = STOP
During Work:
Take position
Watch the machine
Keep a safe
distance
Do not turn
your back
Hand Signals
Hoist Up
Hoist Down
Use Main Hoist
Hand Signals
Swing
Stop
Emergency Stop
Use Whipline
Raise Boom
Lower Boom
Hand Signals
Travel Dog Everything
Raise Boom-
Lower Load
Lower Boom-
Raise Load
Travel Extend Boom Retract Boom
Hand Signal
REMEMBER: ONLY ONE
BANKSMAN SHALL GIVE
SIGNAL TO THE
OPERATOR
The Right Place