Presented by

A.Arunchand
10G01D5401
Under the esteemed guidance of
K.Sudharshan.,M.Tech.,
Asst professor, Dept of EEE.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

sri venkatesa perumal college of engineering & technology an iso 9001:2000 certified
institute(affiliated to j.n.t.u, anantapur, approved by aicte, new delhi) rvs nagar, puttur 517 583.
2010-2011
I nvestigating the Performance of a Fuel Cell Based
Distributed Generation System
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Objective
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Design the fuel cell based distributed generation system

It objective being to regulate the input fuel flow in order
to meet a desirable output power demand
Introduction
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Present existing system has disadvantages

In this technique source is fuel cell

This technique can over come these problems
Basic proposed model of FCDG system
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Fig 1. block diagram of modeling and control of a grid connected pem fuel cell
FUEL CELL
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Fuel Cells are electrochemical devices that convert
the chemical energy of reaction directly into
electrical energy

The fuel cell operates with a low voltage in a wide
voltage range (25V-45V)the is voltage must be
transformed to around 350-400V in order to invert
this dc power into ac power to the grid

Types of fuel cell
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proton exchange membrane (pem):
molten carbonate
solid oxide
alkaline
phosphoric acid
direct methanol (a subset of pem)


Basic PEM fuel cell
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Anode:
2H2 => 4H+ + 4e-



Cathode:
O2 + 4H+ + 4e- => 2H2O
pem fuel cell modeling
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Make some assumptions

One-dimensional treatment

Ideal and uniformly distributed gases

Constant pressures in the fuel-cell gas flow
channels
Mathematical equation representation in pem FC
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pem fuel cell output equation
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without loses
with loses

N

Block diagram of FCDG system
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Fig 2. fuel cell distributed generating system
DC-DC boost converter
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Fig 3. DC-DC boost converter
Operation of boost converter
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Fig 4. Switch is in ON State Fig 4. Switch is in OFF State
The output voltage Vo is directly proportional to the
duty cycle D at the same input voltage
PWM for boost converter
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Fig 5. Control Circuit Waveforms for PWM
The output voltage can be
controlled
The control signal is
compared with a saw tooth
signal such that if the
control signal is higher than
the saw tooth waveform
DC/DC converter control Circuit

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Fig 6. Block diagram of a DC/DC converter control Circuit

The three-phase voltage source inverter
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Fig 7. the main circuit of the three-phase voltage source inverter

PWM Techniques
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Sinusoidal PWM
Third-harmonic PWM
60 PWM
Space vector modulation

Fig 8. The triangular voltage waveform and three sinusoidal control voltages


DC/AC inverter control Circuit
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Fig 9. DC/AC inverter control Circuit

LC filter circuit
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The inverter output contains a large amount of
harmonics and to reduce these harmonics
Both L and C and the input dc voltage should be
chosen so that the following equation is satisfied
between the dc side and ac side voltages of the
inverter
Practical cases
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1. Heavy loading condition

2. Sudden increase in load

3. Operation under unbalanced load

4. Switching a load of 10 KW with PF = 0.5
Conclusion
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This paper has presented an overall evaluation of a
100 KW FCDG system

All 3-phase voltages are simulated and verified to be
controllable at 1.0 p.u. under balanced or
unbalanced loads
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Zhe, Joseph M. Guerrero and Fred Blaabjerg (2009 ),Fuel cell based generating
system , IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No.8, pp.1859-1875.

Willkie J., Leithead W.E. and Anderson C. (1990),PWM technique for DC-DC
BOOST CONVERTER, Vol. 13, No. 4,pp. 134-142.

Muller.S, Deicke.M and De Doncker.R.W (2001), pwm technique for dc-ac
inverter, IEEE Trans.on Industry Applications Magizine, vol.8, No.3, pp.26-33
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Thank you..