CDMA Overview

CBB_C01_E2
ZTE University
CDMA-BSS Team
Main Content
The history of mobile communication
CDMA evolution path
The advantage of CDMA
CDMA spectrum usage
Role of ZTE in CDMA
1 1G G 2 2G G 3 3G G
Analog
cellular
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V Vo oi ic ce e V Vo oi ic ce e / /d da at ta a V Vo oi ic ce e / / h hi ig gh h s sp pe ee ed d d da at ta a
A AM MP PS S C CD DM MA A 1 1X XR Rt tt t C CD DM MA A2 20 00 00 0
T TA AC CS S G GS SM M G GP PR RS S W W_ _C CD DM MA A
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AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
TACS: Total Access Communication System
GPRS: General Packet Radio Services
Evolution of Mobile Communications System
Mobile Communication Standards
2G
FL 3.09Mbps PD
RL 1.8 Mbps PD
2.5G 3G
Voice
cdmaOne
IS-95-A

High Capacity Voice

153 kbps PD

RF Backward
Comp.
CDMA2000
1X
CDMA2000
1X Rel A
2.4 Mbps PD
RF Backward Comp.
CDMA2000
1xEV-
IS-95-B
Korea
Japan
Voice
64 kbps Packet
RF Backward
Compatible

Backward Comp.
CDMA2000
1xEV- DO Rel
FL 3.09 Mbps PD
RL 1.8 Mbps PD

Backward Comp.
CDMA2000
Rel D
cdmaOne
IS-95-A

cdmaOne
IS-95-A

14.4 kbps CSD

CDMA2000
1X

CDMA2000
1X Rel. 0
307.2 kbps Packet
Backward Comp.
CDMA2000
1X Rel A
CDMA2000
1X Rel.A

CDMA2000
1xEV-

CDMA2000
1xEVDO Rel. 0
IS-95-B
Korea
Japan

IS-95-B
Korea
Japan

CDMA2000
1xEV- DO Rel

CDMA2000
1xEVDO Rev.A

CDMA2000
1xEVDV Rel D

HIRS: High-speed interconnect Router Subsystem

Frequency reuse
factor is 1;
network design and
expanding become
much easier
AMPS, D-AMPS, N-AMPS
CDMA
30 30 10 kHz
200 kHz
1250 kHz
1 3 1 Users
8 Users
20 Users
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
4
3
2
5
6
1
7
Typical Frequency Reuse N=7
Typical Frequency Reuse N=4
Typical Frequency Reuse N=1
GSM
Advantages of CDMA (1)
large coverage
almost 2 times than GSM, save money for operator

Example:cover 1000 km
2
GSM need
200 BTS CDMA only need 50 BTS
Attention: exact result need
Link Budget
Advantages of CDMA(2)
High spectrum capacity8--10 times than AMPS,46
times than GSM
Power
Power
Power
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
FDMA---Different user use different
frequency
TACSAMPS
TDMA---Different user use different
time slot of one frequency
GSMDAMPS
CDMA---Different user use same
frequency at the same time,but with
different spreading code
Advantages of CDMA(3)
Spread code
Information
signal
TX
Demodulated
signal
RX
Spread code
Spread signal
Each user is below
the noise deeply
Advantages of CDMA(4)
High privacy, hard to
wiretapping

CDMAmake before break---soft handoff
Other systems: make after break---hard handoff
Use soft handoff, decrease drop-call rate
Advantages of CDMA(5)
Good voice quality, use 8k QCELP, 8k EVRC,
13K QCELP voice codingthe best coding method in the world.
Voice quality
(MOS)
64k
PCM
13k
GSM
8k QCELP
CDMA
13k
QCELP
CDMA
8kEVRC
CDMA
QCELP: QualComm Code Excited Linear Predictive Coding
EVRC: Enhanced variable Rate Coding
Advantages of CDMA(6)
Perfect Power Control and voice activation make the MS
Power low, healthy for bodygreen mobile phone.
Mean Power Max
Power
GSM: 125mW 2W
CDMA: 2mW 200mW
Advantages of CDMA(7)
CDMA 800 MHz Cellular Spectrum Usage
All CDMA RF carriers are 1.25 MHz. Wide
Between CDMA carriers, no guard band
Possible CDMA
Center Freq. Assignments
Channel
Numbers
Forward link (i.e., cell site transmits) Reverse link (i.e., mobile transmits)
824
MHz
849
MHz
869
MHz
894
MHz
other
uses
A A A B A B
1 10 10 1.5 2.5
A B A B
1 10 10 1.5 2.5
9
9
1

1
0
2
3

1

3
3
3

3
3
4

6
6
6

6
6
7

7
1
6

7
1
7

7
9
9

9
9
1

1
0
2
3

1

3
3
3

3
3
4

6
6
6

6
6
7

7
1
6

7
1
7

7
9
9

~300 kHz. guard bands possibly required if adjacent-
frequency signals are non-CDMA (AMPS, TDMA, ESMR, etc.)
CDMA Frequency Channel
Assignment at 800 MHz Cellular
1

3
3
4

6
6
7

9
9
1

1
0
2
3

3
3
3

6
6
6

7
1
5

7
9
9

7
1
6

Channel
Numbers
A Band B Band A A B
1019 37 78 119 160 201 242 283 384 425 466 507 548 589 630 691 777
CDMA A-Band Carriers CDMA B-Band Carriers
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 9 8
* * **
* Requires frequency coordination with
non-cellular interferers
** Requires frequency coordination with
A-band carrier
A Band Primary Channel 283
A Band Secondary Channel 691
B Band Primary Channel 384
B Band Secondary Channel 777
736
Reverse link: 825.00MHz+0.03MHz*N
forward link: 870.00MHz+0.03MHz*N
Reverse link: 825.00MHz+0.03MHz*(N-1023)
Forward link: 870.00MHz+0.03MHz*(N-1023)
Channel number?
Center
frequency
462.5 467.475M
160
210 260
A
120 170 220
462
M
466.475M
B
47 97 147
460
M
464.8M
C
D
573 623 673
425.85M
421.675M
E
731 781 831
429.925M 425.5M
F
1841 1904 1967
493.48M 489M
G
1291 1354 1417
469.99 465.23M
H
1087 1150 1213
465.73M
461.31M
Forward Link
CDMA Frequency Channel
Assignment at 450 MHz Cellular
Forward
Link
Reverse
Link
CDMA Frequency Channel
Assignment at 450 MHz Cellular
CDMA PCS 1900 MHz Spectrum Usage
Guard Bands
Forward link (i.e., cell site transmits)
Reverse link (i.e., mobile transmits)
1850
MHz
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
B
T
A
Paired Bands
MTA BTA MTA BTA MTA MTA
1910
MHz
1930
MHz
1990
MHz
Data Voice
A D B E F C A D B E F C
15 5 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 5 5 5 5 5
Licensed
Licensed
Unlicensed
0

Channel
Numbers
2
9
9

3
0
0

4
0
0

6
9
9

7
0
0

8
0
0

9
0
0

1
1
9
9

0

2
9
9

3
0
0

4
0
0

6
9
9

7
0
0

8
0
0

9
0
0

1
1
9
9

Up link : 1850.00MHz+0.05MHz*N
Down link : 1930.00MHz+0.05MHz*N
Center
Frequency
In 1995, CDMA mobile telecommunication project was started
In November, 1999, ZTE signed the Agreement on CDMA R&D with
Qualcomm
In August, 2000, the first field trial was set up.
In September, 2000 ZTE presented the first CDMA handset with UIM in
the world.
In January, 2001, the first cdma2000-1x call was passed through in lab
In March, 2001, ZTE cdma2000-1x realized the integrated transmission of
voice, data & image.The data rate reach up to 153.6Kbps.
In 2003, ZTE first EV-DO all-IP trial network was set up.

ZTEs Activities in CDMA
2G/3G
Terminals
Abis
Abis
Abis
PSTN/PLMN
BSC/ PCF (1X)
Internet
Router Router
IP
IP
BTSIS-95
BSCIS-95
Abis
E1
Um
IS95
Um
IS2000
E1
STM-1
E1
STM-1
Ethernet
MSC/VLR HLR/AUC
PDSN/FA
AAA
HA
OMC
SC
WIN
BTSIS-95
BSC/ PCF (1X)
BTS1X
BTS1X
E1
Server
Ethernet
ZTEA Famous CDMA Brand
Network Optimization Simulation
B A
B
H
L H
B
B
G
F
H
B
H
G
B
A
H
B
F
F
B
F
H
B
F
K
F
B
F

Network Planning
Network Simulation
Wireless Network
Optimization
Maintenance Optimization
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