BY

AVIRAL PANDEY

ACHYUT REDDY
WHY SUPERCHARGING AND
TURBOCHARGING???

 To achieve the twin goals of improved power

output and minimum exhaust emissions.
WAYS OF INCREASING
POWER
OUTPUT
 For a given cubic capacity of engine,power
output can be increased by following ways::

 By increasing the speed(increasing the

number of power strokes).This method has a
limitation as the increasing speed increases
friction.
 Increasing the mean effective pressure.
WHAT IS SUPERCHARGING?

This is the process of supplying air or air-fuel

mixtures at a pressure which is higher than
the atmospheric pressure,resulting in increase
in density,thereby the mass of air or air-fuel
mixture inducted increases for the same
swept volume and thus increasing the power
output.
This process helps in meeting the emission
legislation on fuel consumption and emission
control.
SUPERCHARGING
PROCESS
 Induction of air at higher pressure.

 Compression of the inducted charge.

• Constant volume and constant pressure addition.

 Expansion of the gas.

 Heat rejection at constant volume.

LIMITATIONS OF
SUPERCHARGING
The increased pressure and temperature as a result
of supercharging may lead to detonation,so the fuel
used must have better anti knock characteristics.

With the increase in supercharging pressure ,the

negative work will also increase,resulting in decrease
in efficiency of the engine.

There is a tendency to burn the piston crown and the

seat and edge of the exhaust valves.

High forces are developed due to supercharging ,so

the engine design has to be modified.
AREAS WHERE
SUPERCHARGING IS
USED
Marine and automotive engines where
weight and space are important.

Engines working at high altitudes.Power loss

due to altitude can be compensated by
supercharging.
EFFECTS OF
SUPERCHARGING

Higher power output.

Better atomization of fuel.
Better mixing of fuel and air.
Improved cold starting.
Increased mechanical efficiency.
Quicker acceleration of vehicle.
Increased detonation tendency in SI engine.
 SIMPLE
SUPERCHARGING
ARRANGEMENT
TURBOCHARGING

In turbocharging,the supercharger is being

driven by a gas turbine which uses the energy
in the exhaust gases.
There is no mechanical linkage between the
engine and the supercharger.
During engine operation,hot exhaust gases
blowout through the exhaust valve opening
into the exhaust manifold and then into the
turbine housing through the connective
tubing.
 PROCESSES
INVOLVED

In the turbine housing,they strike on the fins of the

turbine wheel.
The turbine wheel is connected to the compressor
wheel by the turboshaft.
The compressor wheel rotates with the turbine which
sucks air into the compressor housing.
Centrifugal force makes the air flow out of the
turbocharger and into the engine cylinder under
pressure.
Waste gate prevents detonation in SI engines.
SUPERCHARGING VERSUS
TURBOCHARGING
The key difference between supercharger and
turbocharger is its power supply.

In a supercharger , there is a belt that directly

connects to the engine.

A turbocharger get its power from the exhaust

stream which in turn spins the compressor.
THANKS