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Physics I Class 14
Rotational Motion
Definitions of angular position u
angular velocity
angular acceleration

Relationship between variables in angular motion
and linear motion

Rotational inertia (or moment of inertia I )

Rotational kinetic energy K
e
o
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Definitions
Angular Position: u (always in radians)

Angular Displacement:

Angular velocity:



e lim
At0
Au
At

du
d t


(Previously we only considered cases with constant e .)

Angular acceleration:


o lim
At0
Ae
At

de
d t

d
2
u
d t
2

0 0
(You pick for each problem.) u u u u A =
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Analogy Between
Linear and Rotational Variables
(more about torque later)
Uniform Circular Motion (review)
v
4
r
a=a
c

u

a
c
=
v
2
r
5
Angular Displacement and Angular Velocity
Use your right hand.
Curl your fingers in the direction of
rotation.
Thumb points in the direction of
increasing u and angular velocity .
e
v r e =
Mathematically:cross product of
two vectors,

Review
6
1D Equations of Motion for Constant Acceleration a.
7
Equations for Constant o
All equations are written for u in radians.
Sometimes you will need to convert radians to/from degrees or revolutions.
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Finite size rigid objects are
collections of infinitely small
point-like elements

s =u r

v =er

| a
tangential
|=or

| a
r
|=| a
c
|=
v
2
r
=
e
2
r
2
r
=e
2
r
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Rotational inertia & Energy
10
Torque causes rotation
Torque t and angular acceleration o
are always in the same direction.
Massless rod
m
t
F
r
Axis of
rotation
Newton's Second Law applies
For rotation about a fixed axis:


F
t
= ma

rF
t
= mra = mr(ro) = mr
2
o

Torque : t rF
t
= Io
r F I t o =
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Take-Away Concepts
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Problems of the Day
1. A cyclist is riding his bicycle due east in the Tour de
France bicycle race. What is the direction of the angular
velocity of his bicycle wheels?

A) North.
B) South.
C) East.
D) West.
E) Up.
F) Down.
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Problems of the Day
14
Answer of problem of the day
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Activity 14 Rotational Motion
Goal: Study the relation between linear and rotational variables
Apparatus: Labpro, a power supply, use digital channel 2,
two masses (each 0.050 kg), a rod
LoggerPro, open rotation.xmbl

Analysis: Part A and part B
0.12 m
0.06 m
Procedures:
1) Separation of two masses r= 0.06 m
(Measure r to the center of each mass.)
Start rotation with period about 1 sec.
Measure angular velocity as function
of time and acceleration .
e
o
2) Separation of two masses r= 0.12 m
Start rotation with period about 1 sec.
Measure angular velocity as function
of time and acceleration .
e
o
Analyze data for At < 20 sec.

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