QUANTITATIVE

RESEARCH AND
DATA
DEFINITION

Deals with numbers.
Data which can be measured.
Length, height, area, volume, weight, speed, time,
temperature, humidity, sound levels, cost, members,
ages, etc.
Quantitative Quantity


If youre asking which or how many/how often questions, you want
quantitative data.
OBJECTIVES
To quantify data and generalize results from a
sample.
To measure the incidence of various views and
opinions in a chosen sample .
Sometimes followed by qualitative research
which is used to explore some findings further.

DATA COLLECTION
Structured techniques such as online questionnaires, on-street
or telephone interviews.
DATA ANALYSIS
Statistical data is usually in the form of tabulations. Findings are
conclusive and usually descriptive in nature.













EXAMPLE: PIE CHART AND BAR GRAPH

PRO AND CONS
PRO:

Can be valid and reliable: largely depends on the
measurement device or instrument used
Fixed response options
More generalizable

CONS:

Data is more efficient, able to test hypotheses, but may miss
contextual detail.
They can be very costly.
Time expenditure heavier on the planning phase and lighter
on the analysis phase.
Have limited ability to explore answers.


EXAMPLE
TECHNIQUES
The analysis can start with simple graphical techniques
followed by the classical confirmatory methods to provide
accurate statements of the conclusions.
If the classical methods results in different conclusions than
the graphical analysis, then more effort should be done to
explain why.

QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES
Interval estimation :
- to estimate a parameter from a sample data
- the true parameter value is called the point estimate or
sample estimate.
-ex: Mean is used to calculate the population of the
community at the certain location.
- it is impossible to count every member of the population.
- the results is used as the point estimate of the population
mean.
Hypothesis Tests :
-used to endure the uncertainty of the sample estimate.
-the test used when trying to deny any claim about the sample
data.
-ex: the hypothesis
i)the population mean is equal to 10
ii) the population standard deviation is 5
iii) the means from two populations are equal
iv) the standard deviations from 5 populations are equal

-to reject it = conclude that it is false
-hypothesis tests are usually stated in terms of both the condition is
doubted.