There are two main classifications of condensers: 1) Direct contact condensers which include spray, barometric, and jet condensers; and 2) Surface condensers which use a shell and tube heat exchanger. There are also two types of cooling towers: 1) Natural draught cooling towers which use large chimneys to introduce air without blowers and work best for large water flows; and 2) Mechanical draught cooling towers which use fans or blowers to move air through the tower and can be located more flexibly than natural draught towers. Mechanical draught cooling towers are more widely used.
There are two main classifications of condensers: 1) Direct contact condensers which include spray, barometric, and jet condensers; and 2) Surface condensers which use a shell and tube heat exchanger. There are also two types of cooling towers: 1) Natural draught cooling towers which use large chimneys to introduce air without blowers and work best for large water flows; and 2) Mechanical draught cooling towers which use fans or blowers to move air through the tower and can be located more flexibly than natural draught towers. Mechanical draught cooling towers are more widely used.
There are two main classifications of condensers: 1) Direct contact condensers which include spray, barometric, and jet condensers; and 2) Surface condensers which use a shell and tube heat exchanger. There are also two types of cooling towers: 1) Natural draught cooling towers which use large chimneys to introduce air without blowers and work best for large water flows; and 2) Mechanical draught cooling towers which use fans or blowers to move air through the tower and can be located more flexibly than natural draught towers. Mechanical draught cooling towers are more widely used.
a) Spray Condensers b) Barometric condensers c) Jet Condensers
2. SURFACE CONDENSERS
a) Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger SPRAY CONDENSER Cooling water is sprayed into the steam
Steam directly mixing with cold water and gets condensed BAROMETRIC CONDENSER Cooling water is made to fall in a series of baffles to expose large surface area for the steam fed from below to come in direct contact The steam condenses and the mixture falls in a tail pipe to the hot well SURFACE CONDENSERS Most commonly used in power plants
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Cooling water flows through the tubes and steam condenses outside the tubes
CLASSIFICATION OF COOLING TOWER 1. NATURAL DRAUGHT COOLING TOWER
2. MECHANICAL DRAUGHT COOLING TOWER
These types of towers are used only by utility power stations.
Use very large concrete chimneys to introduce air through the media
Generally used for water flow rates above 45,000 m 3 /hr.
There are no blowers to move air through the tower
Water enters the tower from the top and is cooled as the water falls to the bottom
Some water evaporates in the process, helping to cool the remaining water in the tower Use a fan or blower to move air through the tower
As the water falls through the tower, air is moved across it to aid in the cooling process
Can be located almost anywhere
The fan is cycled on and off to maintain the desired water temperature
Forced draft Air is pushed through the tower
Induced draft Air is pulled through the tower
mechanical draft cooling towers are much more widely used
How it Works: Dealing in simple language with steam, electricity, light, heat, sound, hydraulics, optics, etc., and with their applications to apparatus in common use