Business & Labor Law

World Anti Doping Agency

Submitted to : Mr. Sami Majeed

Submitted by :
 Contents
Introduction
History
Logo
Doping
Drugs
ADAMS
WADA Anti Doping Code
Highlights of WADA Code
Famous Cases of WADA
 WADA
The
World Anti-Doping Agency
promotes, coordinates and
monitors the fight against
doping in sport in all its form
 Introduction
It is an independent foundation created through a collective
initiative led by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

It was set up on November 10, 1999 in Lausanne, Switzerland to

promote, coordinate and monitor the fight against drugs in sport
.

Its current chairman is former Australian finance minister

John Fahey since 2008.

WADA is a Swiss private law Foundation. Its seat is in Lausanne,

Switzerland, and its headquarters are in Montreal, Canada.

WADA is composed of a Foundation Board, an Executive

Committee, and several Committees.

The 38-member Foundation Board is WADA’s supreme decision-

making body. It is composed equally of representatives from the
Olympic Movement and governments.
WADA Foundation Board delegates the actual management
and running of the Agency, including the performance of
activities and the administration of assets, to the Executive
Committee, WADA’s ultimate policy-making body.

The 12-member Executive Committee is also composed

equally of representatives from the Olympic Movement and
governments.

The agency's key activities include scientific research,

education, development of anti-doping capacities and
monitoring of the World Anti-Doping Code.

The document harmonizing regulations regarding anti-doping

in all sports and countries.

It also produces an annual list of prohibited substances and

methods that sports persons are not allowed to take or use.
 History
The word doping is probably derived from the Dutch word
dop, the name of an alcoholic beverage made of grape skins
used by Zulu warriors in order to enhance their prowess in
battle.

After the events that shook the world of cycling in the

summer of 1998, the IOC decided to convene a World
Conference on Doping, bringing together all parties involved
in the fight against doping.

Early Years of Doping

Ancient Greek athletes are known to have used special diets
and stimulating potions to fortify themselves. Strychnine,
caffeine, cocaine, and alcohol were often used by cyclists and
other endurance athletes in the 19th century.

By the 1920s it had become evident that restrictions

regarding drug use in sports were necessary.
First Attempts
In 1928 the IAAF (athletics) became the first International
Sport Federation (IF) to ban doping (use of stimulating
substances).

Restrictions remained ineffective as no tests were

performed.

Tests Begin to Work

Most IFs introduced drug testing by the 1970s.

A reliable testing method was finally introduced in 1974 and

the IOC added anabolic steroids to its list of prohibited
substances in 1976.

This resulted in a marked increase in the number of doping-

related disqualifications in the late 1970s.
New challenges
While the fight against stimulants and steroids was producing
results, the main front in the anti-doping war was rapidly
shifting to blood doping. "Blood boosting,"

United efforts
France had been the first country to enact anti-doping
legislation.
In the 1980s there was a marked increase in cooperation
between international sports authorities and various
governmental agencies.

The IOC took the initiative and convened the Firts World
Conference on Doping in Sport in Lausanne in February
1999. Following the proposal of the Conference, the World
Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was established on November
10, 1999.
 LOGO
WADA’s tag line “play true” encapsulates WADA’s core values, and
WADA’s logo visually expresses the universal spirit of sport practiced
naturally, within the rules, and free from artificial enhancements.

The logo’s “equal sign” expresses equity and fairness and is made
with a human touch to reflect the particularities of each individual.

The “square” represents the customs and the rules that must be
respected.

The color black evokes neutrality and is the traditional color of the
referee. Green evokes health and nature and is the usual color of
the field of play

The mark is dynamic, yet simple, as is the nature of sport.

 Drugs
A chemical substance, such as a narcotic or
hallucinogen, that affects the central nervous system,
causing changes in behavior and often addiction.

Any substance that alters the body's actions and

natural chemical environment. In sport, drugs are
often misused to enhance physical or mental
performance. Drugs taken to prevent or cure a
disease or other body disorder are often called
medicines to distinguish them from addictive
substances, such as narcotic analgesics, taken
illegally for some other purpose.
 Prohibited List
The Prohibited List is updated annually following an extensive
consultation process facilitated by WADA.

The 2009 List is valid until December 31, 2009 and the 2010
List will be valid from January 1, 2010.

The Prohibited List (List) was first published in 1963, WADA

is responsible for the preparation and publication of the List.

The List is a cornerstone of the Code and a key component of

harmonization.

It is an International Standard identifying substances and

methods prohibited in-competition, out-of-competition and in
particular sports.

The use of any prohibited substance by an athlete for

medical reasons is possible by virtue of a Therapeutic Use
Exemption (TUE).
 List of Substance
The World Anti-Doping Code
THE 2009 PROHIBITED LIST INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

S1. ANABOLIC AGENTS

S2. HORMONES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES
S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS
S4. HORMONE ANTAGONISTS AND MODULATORS
S5. DIURETICS AND OTHER MASKING AGENTS

PROHIBITED METHODS

M1. ENHANCEMENT OF OXYGEN TRANSFER

M2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MANIPULATION
M3. GENE DOPING

SUBSTANCES AND METHODS PROHIBITED IN-COMPETITION

STIMULANTS
S7. NARCOTICS
S8. CANNABINOIDS
S9. GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS

SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED IN PARTICULAR SPORTS

P1. ALCOHOL
P2. BETA-BLOCKERS
 Drugs and Deaths.

In 1886,ARTHUR LINTON, a cyclist, dies of drug

abuse. This is the first recorded death ever.

In 1904, marathon runner THOMAS HICKS almost

dies at OLYMPICS.

In 1960, at the ROME OLYMPICS, Danish cyclist

KNUT JENSEN collapses, fractures his skull and
dies.
 Doping
“The use of a drug or blood product to improve athletic
performance”.

A term derived from the African Kaffirs who used a local

brew called ‘dop’ as a stimulant. The International Olympic
Committee's Lausanne Declaration on Doping in Sport
(1999) states that ‘… doping is defined as the use of an
artifice, whether substance or method, potentially dangerous
to athletes’ health and/or capable of enhancing their
performance’. The World Anti-Doping Agency has compiled a
list of prohibited substances.
In sports, doping refers to the use of performance-
enhancing drugs, particularly those that are forbidden by the
organizations that regulate competitions.
 ADAMS

Anti Doping Administration and

Management System
 WORLD ANTI DOPING CODE
The world Anti Doping Code was first
adopted in 2003 and become effective in
2004. The enclosed incorporates revisions
to the World Anti Doping Code that were
approved by the World Anti Doping Agency
Foundation Board on November 17 2007.
The revised World Anti Doping Code is
effective as of January 1, 2009.
 Main Elements are :
Code Is the fundamental and universal document upon
which the World Anti Doping Program in sport is based.

International Standards For different technical and operational

areas within the anti doping program will be developed in consultation
with the Signatories and Governments and approved by WADA, which
may be revised form time to time by the WADA executive committee
after reasonable consultation with the Signatories and Governments.

Models of Best Practice and Guidelines Will be recommended by

WADA and made available to Signatories upon request but will not be
mandatory.
The spirit of sport is the celebration of the
human spirit, body and mind and is
characterized by the following values:

Ethics, fair play and honesty.

Health.
Excellence in performance
Character and Education
Fun and Joy
Team work
Dedication and commitment
Respect for rules and laws
Respect for self and other Participants
Courage
Community and solidarity
 Highlights of WADA Codes
Article 1 Definition of Doping
Occurrence of one or more of the anti doping rule
violations set forth in Article 2.1 through 2.8 of the
code.

Article 2 Anti Doping Rule Violations

Athletes or other persons shall be responsible for
knowing what constitute an anti doping rule violation
and the substances and methods which have been
included on the prohibited list.

Article 3 Proof of Doping

Anti doping organization has established an anti
doping rule violation to the comfortable satisfaction
of the hearing panel bearing in mind the seriousness
of the allegation which is made.
Article 4 The Prohibited List
WADA shall as often as necessary and no less often than
annually, publish the Prohibited List as an International
Standard.

Article 5 TESTING
Plan and conduct an effective number of in competition and
out competition tests on Athletes over whom they have
jurisdiction, including but not limited to Athletes in their
respective Registered Testing Pools. Make Target Testing a
priority.

Article 6 Analysis of Sample

Sample shall be analyzed only in WADA accredited
Laboratories.
Article 7 Result Management
Conducting results management shall establish
aprocess for the pre-hearing administration of
potential anti doping rule violations.

Article 8 Right to a Fair Hearing

Fair Hearing
a) A timely hearing.
b) A fair and impartial hearing panel.

Article 9 Automatic Disqualification of Individual

Results

An anti doping rule violation in individual Sports

inconnection with an In competition test automatically leads
to Disqualification of the result obtained in that competition
with all resulting consequences including forfeiture of any
medals points and prizes.
Article 10 Sanctions on individuals
First violation two years ineligibility. No Athlete or other
person who has been declared ineligible may during the
period of ineligibility participate in any capacity in a
competition or activity.

Article 11 Consequences on Teams

Where more than one member of a team in a Team sport
has been notified of anti doping rule.

Article 12 Sanctions against Sporting

Bodies
Nothing in the Code precludes any Signatory or
Government.
Article 13 Appeals Decision subject to
Appeal
Decisions shall remain in effect while under appeal
unless the Appellate body orders otherwise.

Article 14 Confidentiality and Reporting

The principle of coordination of anti doping results
public transparency and accountability and respect
for the privacy interests of individuals alleged to
have violated anti doping rules.

Article 15 Clarification of Doping Control

Responsibilities
The collection of Samples for Doping Control and
should take place at both International Events and
National Events.
Article 16 Doping Control For Animal
In any Sport that includes animals in Competition,
the International Federation for the sport shall
establish and implement anti doping rules for the
animals.

Article 17 Statute of Limitations

No action may be commenced against an Athlete or
other person for an anti doping rule violation in the
code unless such action is commenced within
eight(8) years from the date the violation is asserted
to have occurred.

Article 18 Education
The objective shall be prevent the intentional
or unintentional use of Athletes of Prohibited
Substances and Prohibited Methods.
Article 19 Research

Sociological, behavioral, juridical and ethical studies

in addition to medical, analytical and physiological
investigations.

Article 20 Additional Role and Responsibilities

of Signatories

To adopt and implement anti doping policies and

rules for the Olympic Games which conform with
the Code.

Article 21 Additional Roles and Responsibilities

of Athletes and other persons

To be knowledgeable of a comply with all applicable

anti doping policies and rules adopted pursuant to
the Code.
Article 22 Involvement of Government
Each Government’s commitment to the Code will be
evidenced by its signing the Copenhagen
Declaration.

Article 23 Acceptance Compliance and

Modification
These entities shall accept the Code by signing the
declaration of acceptance.

Article 24 Interpretation of the code

The official text of the Code shall be maintained by
WADA and shall be published in English and French.

Article 25 Transitional Provisions

The 2009 Code shall be apply in full after January 1,2009.
 Famous Cases of WADA
Floyd Landis (U.S. cycling)
Landis became the first winner of the Tour de France
to be stripped of the title after failing a dope test but
for WADA the true victory came when the American's
appeal was rejected and the ban upheld.

A day after a poor performance in the 16th stage of the 2006

race appeared to put him out of contention, Landis staged an
astounding fight back, winning the final mountain stage in
spectacular style to reclaim the yellow jersey.

A drug test after the 17th-stage win revealed Landis's dramatic

charge was fuelled by performance-enhancing drugs when he
tested positive for synthetic testosterone.

Landis denied using drugs and blamed the positive tests on

procedural mistakes by the French laboratory, assembling a
high-powered team of experts and lawyers to dispute
the results.
Muhammad Asif

Asif was detained in Dubai on June 1st 2008, for drugs

possessions, while returning home after playing IPL Tournament.

In 2006 there was controversy over Asif after he originally tested positive for a
banned anabolic steroid, Nandralone, before having a ban imposed on him
overturned on appeal. He was later withdrawn from Pakistan's World Cup squad
with an unrelated injury.
In July 2008, soon after his return to Pakistan from Dubai, the IPL revealed that
a player had tested positive for banned substances during the tournament and
on July 14, it was revealed that the player in question was Asif.
Asif protested his innocence[34], and his lawyer announced that his 'B' sample
would be analysed as per WADA regulations, and he was later suspended from
all cricket indefinitely by the PCB. He does have the right to appeal his
suspension. On February 11, 2009, the IPL confirmed that Asif had tested
positive for steroids and subsequently imposed a one year ban on him, ending
on September 21, 2009.[35] Shortly before the IPL's announcement, Asif was
released of his contract by the Delhi DareDevils.
 Result
Prohibited Athlete Sport Sanction or result Decision release ST number
substances) or date
other violation

Cannabis Ted Hunia Touch 6 weeks' ineligibility 21-May-08 03-Aug

Cannabis Nat Connell Basketball Ineligible up to and including 1 20-May-08 04-Aug

June 2008 (effectively 6 weeks'
ineligibility taking into account
provisional suspension)

Cannabis Steve Robinson Basketball Ineligible up to and including 1 20-May-08 05-Aug

June 2008 (effectively 6 weeks'
suspension taking into account
provisional suspension)

Morphine Cindy Potae Softball No period of ineligibility imposed 27-Feb-08 04-Jul

due to finding athlete not at fault