Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
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(ntr"du%ti"n
Crystal stru%ture
and its
arrange!ent
Prin%ipal !etal
stru%tures and its
arrange!ent
Classi+%ati"n
,train
P"iss"n-s rati"
Me%hani%al
pr"perties based
"n elasti%
de#"r!ati"n
'"ughness
(!pa%t strength
Pr"p"rti"nal li!it
*lasti% li!it
.ield strength
Per!anent Plasti%
de#"r!ati"n
,train hardening
/atigue
,tati% #atigue
Brittleness
Du%tility
Malleability
Physi%al Pr"perties
Abrasi"n and
abrasi"n resistan%e.
Hardness
is%"sity
bending stress.
,'5A()
o
A #"r%e is applied t" a b"dy it underg"es
de#"r!ati"n.
o
,train is des%ribed as the %hange in length 6 L
; L 3 L$7 per unit length "# the b"dy when it is
subje%ted t" a stress.
,train ! " - Change in length ; L 3 L" ;
L
$riginal length L" L"
,train has n" units "# !easure!ent.
(t is a Dimensionless quantity.
5ep"rted as an abs"lute value "r as a
per%entage.
/a%ts
*lasti% M"dulus
,hear M"dulus
/le8ibility
5esilien%e
P"iss"n-s rati".
*lasti% !"dulus
6y"ung-s !"dulus "r *lasti%ity7
(t is den"ted by letter *
o
Deter!ined #r"! stress stain %urve by
%al%ulating rati" "# stress t" strain "r sl"pe
"# linear p"rti"n "# %urve.
,tress @
*lasti% M"dulus ; ;
,train
,tress strain %urve
* is elasti% !"dulus
(MPAC'A
A %harpey type
tester is used. (t has a heavy
pendulu! whi%h swings d"wn t"
#ra%ture the spe%i!en.
Pr"p"rti"nal li!it
*lasti% strain
.ield strength
'ensile
C"!pressive
,hear
/le8ure
'ensile strength
'ensile
,trength is
deter!ined by subje%ting a r"d B wire
"r a du!bbell shaped spe%i!en t" a
tensile l"ading.
Brittle !aterial an
indire%t tensile test
%alled Dia!etral
%"!pressi"n test "r
Bra1illian test is
used .
A %"!pressive l"ad
is pla%ed "n the
dia!eter "# a sh"rt
%ylindri%al !aterial .
C"!pressive strength
Crushing strength is
deter!ined by
subje%ting a
%ylindri%al spe%i!en
t" a %"!pressive
l"ad.
'he strength is
"btained #r"! the
%r"ss se%ti"nal area
and #"r%e applied.
C"!ple8 #ailure
,H*A5 ,5*)G'H
bending test.
)eutral A8is
/atigue
*g %era!i% !aterials.
Brittleness
'H*,* ()CL&D*,
,ur#a%e 0aws
(nternal v"ids
air bubbles.
Hert1ian l"ad
,harp angles
)"t%hes
'her!al !is!at%h
,"!e %lini%al relati"ns with
"rth"d"nti% wire
titaniu! =@=F
=EG
,tress4,train %urve "# stainless steel
spe%i!en the 84a8is the strain in the
spe%i!en
and the y4a8is stress 6MP<!!>7. By wp
C?? tensile testing !a%hine
Physi%al Pr"perties
Abrasi"n and abrasi"n resistan%e
Biting #"r%e
,ur#a%e r"ughnessB
Bar%"l
Brinell 6BH7
5"%kwell 65H7
,h"re
i%kers 6H7
Kn""p 6KH7
Mi%r"hardness
test
Ma%r"hardness
test
Brinell hardness nu!ber 6BH)7
$ldestB si!plest B
%"nvenient J e8tensively
used
5h"!b"hedral pyra!id
dia!"nd tip is used "#
di!ensi"n =C? degree and
=E>.C? degree
)ewt"nian 0uid
Pseud"plasti%
Dilatant 0uid
Plasti%s
)ewt"nian 0uid
ther!al %"ndu%tivity is
h ; k < %pP
h ; 'her!al di2usivity
k ; 'her!al %"ndu%tivity
%p ; Heat %apa%ity
P/M
C"l"r and %"l"r per%epti"n 6%"nt7..
'husB
=. Hue
>. alue
C. Chr"!a
C"l"r and %"l"r per%epti"n 6%"nt7..
HueA
alue
CH5$MA
C"l"r ,"lidA
,pikes ; hue
"lu!e ; %hr"!a
C"l"r and %"l"r per%epti"n 6%"nt7..
C(* ,.,'*MA
C"l"ur in LMaMb
L ; value
a8is
,hade Guide A
Meta!eris!A
/lu"res%en%eA