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India has emerged as the world capital for
heart disease. It has been estimated that Indians are
nearly four times more susceptible to heart attacks than
white Americans. According to World Health Organization
(WHO), 60 percent of the Worlds cardiac patients will be
Indian by 2010. Nearly 50 percent of cardiovascular
related deaths in Indian occur below the age of 70,
compared with about 22 percent in the west. Additional
the prevalence of diabetes, obesity and Arthritis are
increased day by day. This is due to more intake of high
calorie (less nutritive) Junk food, lack of
exercise/physical activity, and mental stress. Because of
sedentary life and stress bodies are finding it difficult to
make a metabolic, U-tern resisting insulin intolerance
with raised level of diabetes and obesity.
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A B S T R A C T:
* Exercise and physical activity plays an important
role in delaying or preventing the onset of lifestyle
diseases. Such as diabetes, heart disease and
obesity etc. It was observed from some researches
people who are exercise regularly, less likely to
experience a diabetes, heart problems and obesity
than who are not exercises. Thus exercise and
physical activity is more important factor which is
must to maintain health and wellness of an
individual. Exercise helps to maintain health and
wellness by improving digestion and absorption of
food, maintaining composition of blood component
level, improving muscles contraction, relaxation
and coordination, stimulating nervous, immune
endocrine system. So, regular exercise is beneficial
for improving health and wellness.
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* E X E R C I S E A N D W E I G H T M A N A G E M E N T : -
Exercise burns calories which will help to
maintain a healthy weight exercise also promotes
fat loss and builds muscle. This increases basal
metabolic rate o/s the body, which is the rate at
which you burn calories, ever after you have
finished exercising. Weight loss by reducing your
calorie intake without exercise have opposite
effect which causes break down of muscles, which
ultimately lowers your metabolic rate and makes
losing weight even harder. People who want to
decrease weight should go on dieting with
e x e r c i s e .
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EXERCISE AND ITS EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL FITNESS:
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Sr. No. Intensity of Activity Calories/hour Activities
1 2 3 4
1 Low intensity activities 150-240
kcal/h.
Strolling 1 mile/hour cycling
on a level surface, 5 mph.
Gardening.
2 Medium intensity
activities
300-460
kcal/h.
Walking 3.5 mph. Cycling 8
mph Tennis (doubles)
Rating leaves or hoeing.
3 High intensity of
activities.
500 kcal/h. Jogging 5 mph, Cycling 12
mph., Basket ball cross-
country skiing 4 mph.
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* Body changes most of the food what we eat in
to glucose (a form of sugar). Insulin is a hormone
produced by the pancreas that allows glucose to
enter all the cells of our body and be used as
energy. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when a
persons body doesnt make enough insulin or cant
use insulin properly. In diabetes, the sugar builds
up in your blood instead of moving in to cells. Too
much sugar in the blood can lead to serious health
problems, including heart disease and damage to
the nerves and kidneys. There are two types of
diabetes. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body
does not produce any insulin. In type 2 diabetes,
the body either does not produce enough insulin or
the cells ignore the insulin. Nearly 95% of people,
who are diagnosed with diabetes type-
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2. EXERCISE AND DIABETES:-

* Due to exercise, the glucose is metabolized in the body
and thus normal blood sugar level is maintained. Regular
exercise increase the body respond to insulin. Thus B cell of
Pancreases stimulates and starts to produce insulin. So
more amount of glucose is forced out of the blood stream
and enters in to the cells, where it is utilized for the
production of energy. Hence, this reduces the level of
glucose in the blood. Exercise also increases the demands
of muscles for glucose to reach muscular energy need. If
the muscles are exercising or in the working order then
require more glucose the muscles those are not in working
order. Hence, this condition also lowers the blood sugar
level. Exercise can improve circulation, especially in the
arms and legs, where people with diabetes can have
problems. Exercise also provides relief from stress, which is
the major contributing factor in raising blood sugar levels.
Exercise can possibly reduce the amount of medication. We
need to treat diabetes.
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EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON GLUCOSE LEVEL:-

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Exercise plays a role in delaying and preventing the
onset of large blood vessel and heart disease, which is
the leading killer of people with diabetes. Fat deposits
around the heart and within major arteries, which
supply blood to the heart, which can lead to a heart
attack. By exercising regularly 3-4 times a week, the
development of these diseases can be solved or even
prevented.
Exercise strengthens the heart muscles and improves
its pumping action; burns fat deposited in coronary
artery, improve elasticity of the anterior wall and
blood supply increase HDL Level and decreased
cholesterol, triglycerides and other lipo protein level
in blood. Maintain blood pressure. High cholesterol and
blood pressure leads to heart attack or stroke. All
these effects translate in to reduce risk for heart
disease, heart attack and stroke.
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EXERCISE AND HEART DISEASE :-
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Exercise can also offer other benefits,
including strengthening of muscles, increases flexibility
and stronger bones which can help ward off the bone
thinning condition called osteoporosis.
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EXERCISE AND BONE:-
Regular activity also promises mental health benefits,
like relieving stress and anxiety. It can help you sleep
better and renew your energy. If exercise could be
bottled, it would be a bestselling portion at the local
pharmacy.
EXERCISE AND MENTAL STRESS:-
* Thus it can be concluded that exercise
play a vital role in improving health by
delaying or preventing lifestyle diseases such
as diabetes, heart problems, blood pressure,
bone diseases, mental stress, etc. so we
should spent 1 hour regularly for exercise.
Walking, swimming, jogging, gardening,
bicycle riding are the best exercises. Walking
seems to be the most convenient, safe and
beneficial exercise for the majority of the
people.
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CONCLUSION:-